Comparison 10. Valproate vs risperidone.

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Response rate (children and adolescents)	1		Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
1.1 at 8 weeks	1	197	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.16 [0.08, 0.29]
2 Individual adverse events (children and adolescents)	2		Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
2.1 Abdominal pain	2	228	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	14.49 [0.54, 389.63]
2.2 Appetite increase	1	189	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.08 [0.04, 0.16]
2.3 Dry mouth/excessive thirst	1	189	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.44 [0.23, 0.85]
2.4 Enuresis	2	228	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	2.74 [0.01, 829.22]
2.5 Excitement	1	39	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	4.74 [0.21, 105.54]
2.6 Fever	1	189	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.88 [0.33, 2.32]
2.7 Frequent urination	1	189	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	2.25 [0.83, 6.14]
2.8 Headache	1	39	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.06 [0.00, 1.12]
2.9 Initial insomnia	1	39	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.27 [0.01, 7.08]
2.10 Irritability	1	39	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.15 [0.01, 3.42]
2.11 Nasal congestion	2	228	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.38 [0.72, 2.64]
2.12 Nausea	1	189	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.47 [0.71, 3.04]
2.13 Outburst of anger	1	39	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	2.0 [0.42, 9.52]
2.14 Rash	1	189	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	2.07 [0.75, 5.69]
2.15 Sadness	1	39	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.58 [0.11, 3.04]
2.16 Sedation	1	189	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.50 [0.28, 0.91]
2.17 Vomiting	1	189	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.45 [0.54, 3.91]
2.18 Weight gain	1	189	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.12 [0.04, 0.34]
2.19 Weight loss	1	189	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	3.63 [1.61, 8.19]
3 Change in symptom severity (children and adolescents)	2		Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
3.1 at 5‐12 weeks	2	228	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	1.01 [0.74, 1.29]
4 Dropout rate (children and adolescents)	2		Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
4.1 Adverse events	2	236	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.39 [0.35, 5.52]
4.2 Inefficacy	1	39	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	2.71 [0.10, 70.65]
4.3 Other	2	236	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.89 [0.91, 3.90]
4.4 All cause	2	236	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.96 [1.00, 3.82]
5 Global functioning (children and adolescents)	1		Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
5.1 at 6 weeks	1	39	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.14 [0.03, 0.75]