Table 1.

Comparison of study groups

Characteristic	PG (n = 35)	RAG (n = 35)	CG (n = 36)	p-value
Age (years, mean ±SD)	59.31 ±9.75	55.66 ±10.56	53.92 ±10.96	NS
Females (%)	48.57	85.71	75.00	0.00023*
Number of teeth (mean ±SD)	21.94 ±4.07	20.69 ±5.93	25.51 ±2.20	0.0001**
BOP (%, mean ±SD)	63.59 ±19.52	53.55 ±17.32	50.29 ±15.65	0.0054*
PI (%, mean ±SD)	50.00 ±20.50	74.28 ±18.69	48.49 ±16.74	< 0.0001***
API (%, mean ±SD)	64.84 ±25.07	90.03 ±15.33	52.15 ±19.97	< 0.0001***
PD (mm, mean ±SD)	3.87 ±0.80	3.14 ±0.54	2.46 ±0.35	< 0.0001****
PD ≥ 4 (n, mean ±SD)	45.65 ±32.50	31.37 ±19.35	4.25 ±2.52	< 0.0001**
CAL (mm, mean ±SD)	3.68 ±1.15	3.12 ±1.25	1.81 ±0.61	< 0.0001**

API – approximal plaque index, BOP – bleeding on probing, CAL – clinical attachment loss, CG – control group, NS – not statistically significant, PD – pocket depth, PG – periodontitis group, PI – plaque index, RAG – rheumatoid arthritis group

^*applies to comparisons of periodontitis vs. RA or control groups

^**applies to comparisons of periodontitis or RA vs. control group

^***applies to comparisons of RA vs. periodontitis or control groups

^****applies to comparisons between all groups