Summary of findings for the main comparison. Sit‐stand desk compared to no intervention for increasing standing or walking for decreasing musculoskeletal symptoms in sedentary workers.
| Sit‐stand desk compared to no intervention for increasing standing or walking for decreasing musculoskeletal symptoms in sedentary workers | ||||||
| Patient or population: sedentary workers with musculoskeletal symptoms Setting: office setting Intervention: sit‐stand desk Comparison: no intervention | ||||||
| Outcomes | Anticipated absolute effects* (95% CI) | Relative effect (95% CI) | № of participants (studies) | Certainty of the evidence (GRADE) | Comments | |
| Risk with no intervention | Risk with sit‐stand desk | |||||
| Mean difference in low back pain follow‐up short‐term | SMD 0.35 lower (0.8 lower to 0.1 higher) | ‐ | 79 (2 RCTs) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ Lowa,b | ||
| Mean difference in upper back pain follow‐up short‐term | SMD 0.48 lower (0.96 lower to 0) | ‐ | 71 (2 RCTs) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ Lowa,b | ||
| Mean difference in neck and shoulder pain/discomfort follow‐up short‐term | Mean difference in neck and shoulder pain/discomfort follow‐up short‐term: 2.2 score | MD 0.6 score lower (1.5 lower to 0.3 higher) | ‐ | 31 (1 RCT) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ Lowb,c | |
| Mean difference in physical disability caused by LBP, RMDQ score follow‐up short‐term | Mean difference in physical disability caused by LBP, RMDQ score follow‐up short‐term: 5.67 score | MD 0.4 score lower (2.7 lower to 1.9 higher) | ‐ | 46 (1 RCT) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ Lowa,b | |
| *The risk in the intervention group (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI). CI: confidence interval; LBP: low back pain; MD: mean difference; RCT: randomised controlled trial; RMDQ: Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire; SMD: standardised mean difference. | ||||||
| GRADE Working Group grades of evidence. High certainty: we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect. Moderate certainty: we are moderately confident in the effect estimate: the true effect is likely to be close to the estimate of the effect, but there is a possibility that it is substantially different. Low certainty: our confidence in the effect estimate is limited: the true effect may be substantially different from the estimate of the effect. Very low certainty: we have very little confidence in the effect estimate: the true effect is likely to be substantially different from the estimate of effect. | ||||||
aConcerns about blinding of personnel and outcome assessors as well as allocation concealment. Unacceptable loss to follow‐up in Ognibene (2016); downgraded one level.
bLow number of participants, wide confidence intervals; downgraded one level.
cConcerns about blinding of personnel and outcome assessors as well as random sequence generation; downgraded one level.