Summary of findings 3. Activity tracker compared to alternate intervention or no intervention for increasing standing or walking for decreasing musculoskeletal symptoms in sedentary workers.
| Activity tracker compared to alternate intervention or no intervention for increasing standing or walking for decreasing musculoskeletal symptoms in sedentary workers | ||||||
| Patient or population: sedentary workers with musculoskeletal symptoms Setting: office setting Intervention: activity tracker Comparison: alternate intervention or no intervention | ||||||
| Outcomes | Anticipated absolute effects* (95% CI) | Relative effect (95% CI) | № of participants (studies) | Certainty of the evidence (GRADE) | Comments | |
| Risk with alternate intervention or no intervention | Risk with activity tracker | |||||
| Mean difference in low back pain/discomfort follow‐up short‐term | SMD 0.05 lower (0.87 lower to 0.77 higher) | ‐ | 31 (2 RCTs) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ Lowa,b | ||
| Mean difference in upper back pain/discomfort follow‐up short‐term | SMD 0.04 lower (0.92 lower to 0.84 higher) | ‐ | 23 (2 RCTs) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ Lowa,b | ||
| Mean difference in neck pain/discomfort follow‐up short‐term | SMD 0.05 higher (0.68 lower to 0.78 higher) | ‐ | 33 (2 RCTs) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ Lowa,b | ||
| Mean difference in shoulder pain/discomfort follow‐up short‐term | SMD 0.14 higher (0.63 lower to 0.9 higher) | ‐ | 31 (2 RCTs) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ Lowa,b | ||
| *The risk in the intervention group (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI). CI: confidence interval; RCT: randomised controlled trial; SMD: standardised mean difference. | ||||||
| GRADE Working Group grades of evidence. High certainty: we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect. Moderate certainty: we are moderately confident in the effect estimate: the true effect is likely to be close to the estimate of the effect, but there is a possibility that it is substantially different. Low certainty: our confidence in the effect estimate is limited: the true effect may be substantially different from the estimate of the effect. Very low certainty: we have very little confidence in the effect estimate: the true effect is likely to be substantially different from the estimate of effect. | ||||||
aConcerns about personnel and outcome assessor blinding; downgraded one level.
bSmall sample size and wide confidence intervals; downgraded one level.