Messa 1997.

Methods	Single‐centre, open RCT.
Participants	30 participants with ST; 7 males, 23 females; aged 32‐72 years. Not reported if participants were hospitalised or non‐hospitalised or if diagnosis of ST was objectively confirmed by ultrasonography.
Interventions	Heparansulphate (100 mg tid orally). Sulodexide (250 lipasemic units bid, orally). Study treatment given for 2 weeks.
Outcomes	Redness of the skin, pain, itching, oedema, trophism.
Notes	Funding: not reported. Disclosure of potential COI: not reported, no COI forms available.
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	Participants assigned to treatment with a random list.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Method of allocation concealment not reported.
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes	High risk	Open study. "The study was performed in a open‐label...design."
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	No missing outcome data.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	All prespecified outcomes reported.