Fig. 2.

Overall influence of the low-fat dietary intervention on possible cognitive impairment* during the intervention phase among the subset of DM trial participants that participated in WHIMS (n = 1606). The 7-year follow-up is over the dietary intervention phase of the trial (median, 7.2 [interquartile range {IQR}, 6.0–8.0] years). Summary statistics computed from Cox regression models stratified by 5-year age group, race/ethnicity, education, and randomization status in the WHI hormone therapy trials, using time from randomization as the time-scale. Subgroups were investigated, one at a time, by including an interaction term between randomization arm and subgroup with additional stratification of the baseline hazard by corresponding subgroup. P values corresponds to a two-sided score (log-rank) test of the dietary intervention's overall influence, or for the subgroup analysis, a test of interaction between the randomization group and corresponding subgroup. Percentages are annualized. * Possible cognitive impairment defined as transition to Phase 2 of the WHIMS protocol. After completion of Phases 2 and 3, typically within 3 months possible cognitive impairment, participants were classified as probable dementia, mild cognitive impairment, or no cognitive impairment. † Ever used menopausal hormone therapy or randomized to CEE or CEE+MPA arm of WHI hormone trial.  ^ Among women randomized to either WHI hormone therapy trial. WHIMS = Women's Health Initiative Memory Study; HR = hazard ratio; CI = confidence interval.