Fig. 3.

Kaplan-Meier estimates of the cumulative hazard for possible cognitive impairment* during the intervention phase among the subset of DM trial participants that participated in WHIMS (n = 1606). The 7-year follow-up is over the dietary intervention phase of the trial (median, 7.2 [interquartile range {IQR}, 6.0–8.0] years). Summary statistics computed from a Cox regression model stratified by 5-year age group, race/ethnicity, education, and randomization status in the WHI hormone therapy trials, using time from randomization as the time-scale. P-value corresponds to a two-sided score (log-rank) test of the dietary intervention's overall influence. Percentages are annualized. * Possible cognitive impairment defined as transition to Phase 2 of the WHIMS protocol. After completion of Phases 2 and 3, typically within 3 months of possible cognitive impairment, participants were classified as probable dementia, mild cognitive impairment, or no cognitive impairment. WHIMS = Women's Health Initiative Memory Study; HR = hazard ratio; CI = confidence interval.