Table 2.
Change characteristics of DM trial participants that participated in WHIMS (n = 1606).
| Intervention (N = 652) |
Comparison (N = 954) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Post-randomization variables | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | P-Value |
| Change in percent energy from: | |||||
| Total fat (%) | −12.3 | 7.8 | −1.6 | 6.2 | <0.001 |
| Saturated fat (%) | −4.3 | 3.3 | −0.6 | 2.6 | <0.001 |
| Polyunsaturated fat (%) | −2.3 | 2.1 | −0.2 | 2.1 | <0.001 |
| Monounsaturated fat (%) | −4.9 | 3.3 | −0.6 | 2.8 | <0.001 |
| Trans-fat (%) | −1.0 | 1.2 | −0.1 | 1.2 | <0.001 |
| Carbohydrates (%) | 11.7 | 9.0 | 1.6 | 6.9 | <0.001 |
| Protein (%) | 1.3 | 3.2 | 0.1 | 2.9 | <0.001 |
| Animal protein (%) | 0.3 | 3.6 | 0.0 | 3.1 | 0.12 |
| Vegetable protein (%) | 1.0 | 1.2 | 0.1 | 1.0 | <0.001 |
| Alcohol (%) | 0.1 | 2.4 | 0.1 | 2.1 | 0.83 |
| Change in other dietary characteristics: | |||||
| Vegetable and fruit (med serv/day) | 1.3 | 2.3 | 0.2 | 1.8 | <0.001 |
| Grains (med serv/day) | 0.0 | 2.6 | −0.6 | 2.3 | <0.001 |
| Dietary fiber (g) | 2.2 | 6.9 | −0.5 | 5.7 | <0.001 |
| Cholesterol (mg) | −92.1 | 147.7 | −26.5 | 132.4 | <0.001 |
| Change in participant characteristics: | |||||
| Weight (kg) | −2.1 | 11.9 | 0.1 | 10.0 | <0.001 |
| Waist (cm) | −1.7 | 5.8 | −0.4 | 6.1 | <0.001 |
| Systolic BP (mm Hg) | −3.6 | 15.0 | −2.1 | 17.7 | 0.10 |
| Diastolic BP (mm Hg) | −2.8 | 8.7 | −2.0 | 9.2 | 0.07 |