Table 1.

List of falcon species

Falcon species	Common name	Breeding range	Clade
Falco ardosiaceus	Grey Kestrel	Africa	Dissodectes Group
Falco dickinsoni	Dickinson's Kestrel	Africa	Dissodectes Group
Falco concolor	Sooty Falcon	Northeast Africa and Middle East	Hobby Group
Falco cuvierii	African Hobby	Africa	Hobby Group
Falco eleonorae	Eleonora's Falcon	Mediterranean Basin	Hobby Group
Falco longipennis	Australian Hobby	Australia	Hobby Group
Falco severus	Oriental Hobby	Indian Subcontinent to Indochina	Hobby Group
Falco subbuteo	Eurasian Hobby	Africa, Europa, and Asia	Hobby Group
Falco biarmicus	Lanner Falcon	Africa, Southeast Europe, Southwest Asia	Large and Mid‐sized Falcons
Falco cherrug	Saker Falcon	Eastern Europe and Central Asia	Large and Mid‐sized Falcons
Falco chicquera	Red‐necked Falcons	Africa and Indian Subcontinent	Large and Mid‐sized Falcons
Falco fasciinucha	Taita Falcon	East Africa	Large and Mid‐sized Falcons
Falco hypoleucos	Grey Falcon	Australia	Large and Mid‐sized Falcons
Falco jugger	Laggar Falcon	Indian Subcontinent	Large and Mid‐sized Falcons
Falco mexicanus	Prairie Falcon	Western North America	Large and Mid‐sized Falcons
Falco pelegrinoides a	Barbary Falcon	Northern Africa, Middle East, Central Asia	Large and Mid‐sized Falcons
Falco peregrinus	Peregrine Falcon	Global (except Antarctica)	Large and Mid‐sized Falcons
Falco rusticolus	Gyrfalcon	Arctic (North America, Europe, and Asia)	Large and Mid‐sized Falcons
Falco subniger	Black Falcon	Australia	Large and Mid‐sized Falcons
Falco aesalon b	Eurasian Merlin	Northern Europe to Central Asia	Merlin
Falco columbarius b	American Merlin	North and South America	Merlin
Falco sparverius	American Kestrel	North and South America	[Ungrouped]
Falco alopex	Fox Kestrel	Africa	Old World Kestrels
Falco araea	Seychelles Kestrel	Seychelles Islands (Indian Ocean)	Old World Kestrels
Falco cenchroides	Nankeen Kestrel	Australia and New Guinea	Old World Kestrels
Falco moluccensis	Spotted Kestrel	Indonesia	Old World Kestrels
Falco naumanni	Lesser Kestrel	Mediterranean Basin, Central and East Asia	Old World Kestrels
Falco newtoni	Malagasy Kestrel	Madagascar and Aldabra	Old World Kestrels
Falco punctatus	Mauritius Kestrel	Mauritius	Old World Kestrels
Falco rupicoloides	Greater Kestrel	Africa	Old World Kestrels
Falco rupicolus	Rock Kestrel	Africa	Old World Kestrels
Falco tinnunculus	Common Kestrel	Europa, Asia, Africa	Old World Kestrels
Falco zoniventris	Banded Kestrel	Madagascar	Old World Kestrels
Falco amurensis	Amur Falcon	Siberia and Northern China	Red‐footed Group
Falco vespertinus	Red‐footed Falcon	Eastern Europe and Central Asia	Red‐footed Group
Falco deiroleucus	Orange‐breasted Falcon	Mexico to Northern South America	Southern American Group
Falco rufigularis	Bat Falcon	Mexico to Northern South America	Southern American Group
Falco femoralis	Aplomado Falcon	Mexico to South America	Southern Group
Falco novaeseelandiae	New Zealand Falcon	New Zealand (primarily South Island)	Southern Group
Falco berigora	Brown Falcon	Australia and New Guinea	[Ungrouped]

^aDisputed species sometimes listed as subspecies of peregrine.

^bMerlins are sometimes treated as a single species as Falco columbarius. For a discussion of divergence between American and Eurasian merlins, see Wink et al. (1998) and Fuchs et al. (2015).