Table 2.
Multinomial Logistic Regression Models Predicting Adolescent Relationship Instability (Reference: 3+ relationships)
| No Relationships by Year-15 Interview | 1–2 Relationships by Year-15 Interview | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RRR | SE | RRR | SE | |||
| Mother relationship instability (ref: no transitions) | ||||||
| Age 3–5 co-residential partnership changes only | 0.87 | (0.15) | 0.95 | (0.15) | ||
| Age 5–9 co-residential partnership changes only | 0.75 | * | (0.11) | 0.88 | (0.11) | |
| Early and later co-residential partnership changes | 0.60 | ** | (0.09) | 0.76 | * | (0.10) |
| Mother relationship quality (ref: no poor-quality relationships) | ||||||
| Age 3 or age 5 poor-quality relationship only | 0.99 | (0.13) | 0.77 | (0.10) | ||
| Age 9 poor-quality relationship only | 1.07 | (0.22) | 0.90 | (0.17) | ||
| Early and later poor-quality relationship | 0.87 | (0.16) | 0.67 | * | (0.12) | |
| Controls | ||||||
| Adolescent age (months) at year-15 interview | 0.97 | *** | (0.01) | 1.00 | (0.01) | |
| Mother harsh parenting toward focal child | ||||||
| Psychological aggression age 3 | 0.86 | (0.13) | 1.12 | (0.15) | ||
| Psychological aggression age 5 | 0.84 | (0.14) | 1.10 | (0.18) | ||
| Psychological aggression age 9 | 0.72 | * | (0.10) | 0.75 | * | (0.10) |
| Physical aggression age 3 | 0.87 | (0.13) | 0.82 | (0.12) | ||
| Physical aggression age 5 | 1.32 | (0.20) | 0.97 | (0.14) | ||
| Physical aggression age 9 | 1.05 | (0.16) | 1.02 | (0.14) | ||
| Adolescent female | 2.73 | *** | (0.27) | 3.24 | *** | (0.30) |
| Mother’s education at baseline (ref: < high school) | ||||||
| HS diploma, < BA/BS | 0.96 | (0.12) | 1.20 | (0.13) | ||
| BA/BS or graduate school | 1.48 | (0.32) | 1.38 | (0.29) | ||
| Mother’s poverty ratio at baseline (ref: 0–49% of FPL) | ||||||
| 50–99% of FPL | 0.84 | (0.15) | 0.98 | (0.15) | ||
| 100–199% of FPL | 0.98 | (0.16) | 1.02 | (0.14) | ||
| 200–299% of FPL | 1.05 | (0.19) | 0.86 | (0.14) | ||
| 300% plus of FPL | 1.50 | * | (0.28) | 1.33 | (0.23) | |
| Mother’s race/ethnicity (ref: Non-Hispanic White) | ||||||
| Non-Hispanic Black | 1.18 | (0.17) | 0.88 | (0.12) | ||
| Hispanic | 1.55 | ** | (0.26) | 1.26 | (0.19) | |
| Other | 2.35 | ** | (0.69) | 1.78 | * | (0.52) |
| Mother US-born | 0.64 | ** | (0.11) | 0.81 | (0.13) | |
| Mother not in relationship age 3 | 0.95 | (0.13) | 0.81 | (0.10) | ||
| Mother not in relationship age 5 | 0.79 | (0.11) | 1.04 | (0.12) | ||
| Mother not in relationship age 9 | 1.09 | (0.14) | 0.85 | (0.10) | ||
| Mother marital status at child’s birth (ref: Not married or cohabiting) | ||||||
| Married | 1.49 | * | (0.24) | 1.05 | (0.16) | |
| Cohabiting | 1.01 | (0.12) | 0.84 | (0.09) | ||
| Mother’s age at child’s birth | 1.03 | ** | (0.01) | 1.01 | (0.01) | |
| N | 2,984 | |||||
Source: Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, Birth to Year-15 Waves
*
p<0.05
**
p<0.01
***
p<0.001 (two-tailed)
Notes: n=719 in “no relationships” category, n=891 in “1–2 relationships” category, and n=1,374 in “3+ relationships” category of dependent variable.