Table 1.
Comparison between demographics, laboratory data, carotid intimal medial thickness and resistivity index of diabetic patients and controls
| Variables | Patients | Controls | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ||
| Age (yrs) | 16.32 | 1.52 | 16.13 | 2.63 | 0.70 |
| Anthropometric data: | |||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.91 | 4.20 | 24.76 | 5.67 | 0.8 |
| BMI (SDS) | 24 | ||||
| Waist circumference (cm) | 83.60 | 9.39 | 84.78 | 12.25 | 0.60 |
| HIP circumference (cm) | 91.69 | 8.37 | 91.20 | 11.93 | 0.80 |
| Waist / hip ratio | 0.91 | 0.06 | 0.93 | 0.05 | 0.20 |
| Waist / height ratio | 0.51 | 0.06 | 0.52 | 0.08 | 0.90 |
| Blood pressure: | |||||
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 119.35 | 12.53 | 118.21 | 14.42 | 0.70 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 81.94 | 9.20 | 78.57 | 6.51 | 0.05 |
| Laboratory data: | |||||
| HbA1 (%) | 9.55 | 1.90 | 5.43 | 0.65 | 0.0001 |
| Albumin / creatinine ratio (µg/g creatinine) | 28.4 78.33 ± 100.65 (5.8 – 384.2) | 10.7 11.28 ± 4.23 (5.4 – 23.2) | 0.0001# | ||
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 188.81 | 63.77 | 100.54 | 20.41 | 0.0001 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dl) | 103.46 | 78.29 | 68.89 | 28.39 | 0.03 |
| HDL-c (mg/dl) | 51.77 | 20.58 | 52.21 | 11.12 | 0.90 |
| LDL-c (mg/dl) | 118.66 | 47.53 | 62.50 | 19.88 | 0.0001 |
| Nitric oxide (µmol/l) | 28.42 | 7.06 | 40.33 | 6.32 | 0.0001 |
| OxLDL (mg/l) | 17.56 | 6.45 | 9.06 | 3.92 | 0.0001 |
| Image analysis: | |||||
| Carotid intimal medial thickness (mm) | 0.49 | 0.08 | 0.40 | 0.05 | 0.0001 |
| Resistivity index | 0.60 | 0.04 | 0.5 | 0.01 | 0.004 |
t-test for independent variables; # Mann Whitney U test was used; Median, mean ± SD (range); BMI: body mass index; HbA1: glycosylated haemoglobin; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; OLDL: oxidised low-density lipoprotein.