Table 1.
Specifications of Salmonella Effector Proteins and Their Mechanisms
| Effector Proteins | Location | Activity | Mechanisms |
|---|---|---|---|
| SipA | SPI-1 | Activate caspase-1 | Maturation of SCV |
| SopB | SPI-5 | Activate Rho –GTPase, affecting ion balance | Maturation of SCV- mediate invasion |
| SopE | SPI-5 (Prophage) | Nucleotide exchange factor | Maturation of SCV- mediate invasion |
| SopA | SPI-1 | Involved invasion | Maturation of SCV |
| SopD | Outside of SPI-1, cooperative with SopB, (translocate with SPI-1 T3SS) | Inhibit Rab-7 activity | Maturation of SCV- mediate invasion |
| SpvB | Plasmid (in subspecies I), chromosome in II, IIIa and VII | Induce apoptosis, Similar to vibrio accessory cholera entrotoxin | Mediate invasion |
| SpiC | SPI-2 | Inhibit endosomal trafficking | Mediate invasion |
| SseF | SPI-2 | Localize the SCV to the Golgi region | Mediate invasion |
| SseG | SPI-2 | Interact with SseF | Mediate invasion |
| SseJ | SPI-2 | Interact with OSBP1 | Mediate invasion |
| SseL | SPI-2 | Mediate macrophage killing | Mediate invasion |
| SspH2 | SPI-12 | Immune evasion | Intracellular survival |