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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jan 16.
Published in final edited form as: Vaccine. 2019 Nov 13;38(3):512–520. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.10.066

Table 1.

Ad Characteristics

Anti-Vaccine Ads n=145 Pro-Vaccine Ads n= 163 χ2(dof) p
Currently Active (%) 6 (4%) 13 (8%) 2.37(1) 0.12
Inactive 139 (96%) 150 (92%)
Incomplete Disclosure 31(21%) 61 (37%) 9.43(1) 0.002
Complete Disclosure 114 (79%) 102 (63%)
Taken Down 15 (10%) 10 (6%) 0.05(1) 0.18
Not Taken Down 130 (90%) 153 (94%)
Image Only 95 (66%) 109 (67%) 0.06(1) 0.80
Includes Video 50 (34%) 54 (33%)
Vaccination in General 119 (82%) 31 (19%) 122.11(1) <0.001
Specific Vaccines 26 (18%) 132 (81%)
 Influenza 8 (31%) 52 (39%) 15.42(5) 0.009
 HPV 3 (12%) 16 (11%)
 MMR 6 (23%) 11 (8%)
 Meningitis B 0 (0%) 18 (14%)
 Polio 1 (4%) 20 (15%)
 Other 8 (31%) 15 (12%)
Major Themes* Vaccine Harm 72 (49%) Get Vaccinated 77(47%)
*non-discrete categories Vaccine Choice 44 (30%) Philanthropy 38 (23%)
Vaccine Fraud 26 (18%) Vaccine Policy 23 (14%)
News 18 (11%)
Opposing Anti-Vax 17(10%)

Boldface indicates statistical significance (p<0.05)

*

Non-discrete categories