Table 5.
Multivariable-adjusteda hazard ratios (HRadj) for the association between processed meat consumption and risk of colorectal cancer by age and body mass index (BMI) status at baseline
| Age at baselinec | BMI statusd,e | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| < 55 years old (N=22,950) | 55+ years old (N=25,756) | Normal (N=18,312) | Overweight (N=15,493) | Obese (N=14,346) | ||||||||||||
| N | HRadj | 95%CI | N | HRadj | 95%CI | N | HRadj | 95%CI | N | HRadj | 95%CI | N | HRadj | 95%CI | ||
| Processed meat | Continuous (per 25 g/day) | 62 | 1.07 | 0.67-1.72 | 148 | 1.40 | 1.02-1.94 | 62 | 1.03 | 0.56-1.88 | 76 | 1.35 | 0.87-2.10 | 70 | 1.35 | 0.89-2.04 |
| Tertile 1 (4.96 g/day) | 15 | 1.0 | 52 | 1.0 | 22 | 1.0 | 28 | 1.0 | 16 | 1.0 | ||||||
| Tertile 2 (11.20 g/day) | 20 | 1.05 | 0.53-2.07 | 42 | 0.94 | 0.62-1.42 | 28 | 1.77 | 1.00-3.14 | 20 | 0.72 | 0.40-1.30 | 14 | 0.70 | 0.32-1.38 | |
| Tertile 3 (24.58 g/day) | 27 | 1.12 | 0.56-2.25 | 54 | 1.41 | 0.92-2.17 | 12 | 0.99 | 0.47-2.11 | 28 | 1.15 | 0.64-2.07 | 40 | 1.58 | 0.83-3.01 | |
| p-trendb | 0.81 | 0.07 | 0.92 | 0.46 | 0.03 | |||||||||||
| Ham, boloney, lunch meat | Continuous (per 25 g/day) | 62 | 0.97 | 0.54-1.75 | 148 | 1.30 | 0.88-1.93 | 62 | 0.98 | 0.48-2.00 | 76 | 1.28 | 0.75-2.16 | 70 | 1.26 | 0.75-2.10 |
| Tertile 1 (0.46 g/day) | 10 | 1.0 | 63 | 1.0 | 27 | 1.0 | 24 | 1.0 | 21 | 1.0 | ||||||
| Tertile 2 (2.15 g/day) | 26 | 1.76 | 0.85-3.67 | 43 | 0.76 | 0.51-1.12 | 14 | 0.61 | 0.32-1.17 | 31 | 1.26 | 0.73-2.15 | 24 | 0.89 | 0.49-1.60 | |
| Tertile 3 (16.00 g/day) | 26 | 2.00 | 0.94-4.25 | 42 | 1.11 | 0.74-1.67 | 21 | 1.35 | 0.75-2.45 | 21 | 1.22 | 0.66-2.24 | 25 | 1.16 | 0.63-2.15 | |
| p-trendb | 0.22 | 0.32 | 0.10 | 0.82 | 0.40 | |||||||||||
| Hot dogs, dinner sausages | Continuous (per 10 g/day) | 62 | 0.85 | 0.43-1.72 | 148 | 0.97 | 0.60-1.58 | 62 | 0.82 | 0.27-2.47 | 76 | 0.85 | 0.38-1.90 | 70 | 0.96 | 0.57-1.63 |
| Tertile 1 (0.74 g/day) | 25 | 1.0 | 62 | 1.0 | 27 | 1.0 | 31 | 1.0 | 28 | 1.0 | ||||||
| Tertile 2 (1.48 g/day) | 12 | 0.73 | 0.37-1.47 | 35 | 1.02 | 0.68-1.55 | 20 | 1.59 | 0.89-2.85 | 21 | 1.18 | 0.68-2.06 | 7 | 0.31 | 0.14-0.71 | |
| Tertile 3 (3.46 g/day) | 25 | 1.06 | 0.59-1.90 | 50 | 1.34 | 0.91-1.98 | 15 | 1.42 | 0.75-2.72 | 24 | 1.21 | 0.70-2.10 | 35 | 1.02 | 0.61-1.71 | |
| p-trendb | 0.71 | 0.11 | 0.20 | 0.59 | 0.38 | |||||||||||
| Bacon | Continuous (per 10 g/day) | 62 | 3.72 | 1.79-7.76 | 148 | 1.10 | 0.40-3.06 | 62 | 0.94 | 0.13-6.74 | 76 | 1.94 | 0.61-6.17 | 70 | 2.67 | 1.16-6.15 |
| Tertile 1 (0.11 g/day) | 12 | 1.0 | 50 | 1.0 | 23 | 1.0 | 26 | 1.0 | 12 | 1.0 | ||||||
| Tertile 2 (0.43 g/day) | 14 | 1.06 | 0.49-2.30 | 52 | 1.28 | 0.86-1.89 | 20 | 1.23 | 0.67-2.25 | 26 | 1.13 | 0.65-1.95 | 20 | 1.41 | 0.69-2.91 | |
| Tertile 3 (1.83 g/day) | 36 | 2.63 | 1.34-5.14 | 46 | 1.10 | 0.73-1.66 | 19 | 1.49 | 0.80-2.76 | 24 | 0.99 | 0.56-1.74 | 38 | 2.17 | 1.12-4.19 | |
| p-trendb | <0.001 | 0.84 | 0.15 | 0.80 | 0.01 | |||||||||||
| Breakfast sausages | Continuous (per 10 g/day) | 62 | 1.31 | 0.82-2.11 | 148 | 1.54 | 1.15-2.06 | 62 | 1.51 | 0.71-3.20 | 76 | 1.31 | 0.78-2.20 | 70 | 1.46 | 1.04-2.05 |
| Tertile 1 (0.00 g/day) | 18 | 1.0 | 49 | 1.0 | 29 | 1.0 | 23 | 1.0 | 15 | 1.0 | ||||||
| Tertile 2 (0.89 g/day) | 10 | 0.51 | 0.23-1.11 | 46 | 1.07 | 0.72-1.61 | 20 | 0.88 | 0.50-1.56 | 23 | 1.06 | 0.59-1.89 | 12 | 0.71 | 0.33-1.52 | |
| Tertile 3 (2.08 g/day) | 34 | 1.57 | 0.87-2.83 | 53 | 1.48 | 0.99-2.21 | 13 | 0.89 | 0.46-1.73 | 30 | 1.59 | 0.91-2.77 | 43 | 2.03 | 1.11-3.70 | |
| p-trendb | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.65 | 0.07 | 0.003 | |||||||||||
NOTE: Significant (p<0.05) values are bolded.
For age, model adjusted for total calories (kcal/day, continuous), BMI (kg/m2, continuous), highest educational attainment (high school or less, some college, bachelor’s degree and above), physical activity (MET-h/wk, continuous), race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic White, Non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic/other), and family history of colorectal cancer (yes/no); for BMI, model adjusted for total calories (kcal/day, continuous), highest educational attainment (high school or less, some college, bachelor’s degree and above), physical activity (MET-h/wk, continuous), race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic White, Non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic/other), and family history of colorectal cancer (yes/no).
Test for trend (p-trend) calculated using assigning the median value of each tertile.
Test for interaction: age and red meat (p=0.30); age and processed meat (p=0.31); age and hot dogs/dinner sausages (p=0.36); age and ham/boloney/lunch meat (p=0.72); age and bacon (p=0.05); age and breakfast sausage (p= 0.24).
Test for interaction: BMI and red meat (p=0.71); BMI and processed meat (p=0.68); BMI and hot dogs/dinner sausages (p=0.97); BMI and ham/boloney/lunch meat (p=0.29); BMI and bacon (p=0.10); BMI and breakfast sausage (p=0.24).
Normal BMI: 18.5 - 24.9; overweight BMI: 25.0 - 29.9; obese BMI: ≥ 30.0 (underweight [BMI < 18.5, N=541 non-cases, 2 cases] excluded).