Table 1.
Sociodemographic and neuropsychological variables for monolingual and bilingual MCI patients
| Monolinguals (N = 60)a | Bilinguals (N = 39)a | Statistical differences | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | M/F = 26/34 | M/F = 24/15 | χ2 = 3.13 | 0.08 |
| Age | 73.58 (5.76) | 74.26 (5.78) | t = − 0.56 | 0.57 |
| Years of schooling | 8.62 (3.45) | 8.33 (2.43) | t = 0.47 | 0.63 |
| Cognitive level | − 0.05 (0.6) | 0.07 (0.64) | t = − 1.00 | 0.32 |
| MMSE | 26.95 (2.63) | 27.23 (2.18) | − 0.55 | 0.58 |
| FAQ | 3.3 (2.58) | 3.82 (2.48) | − 0.97 | 0.32 |
| Boston | 9.33 (1.45) | 9.77 (1.31) | − 1.52 | 0.13 |
| Phonetic fluency | 8.37 (2.14) | 8.51 (2.62) | − 0.30 | 0.76 |
| Semantic fluency | 10.63 (2.47) | 10.74 (2.19) | − 0.23 | 0.82 |
| WLA | 9.03 (2.88) | 9.79 (2.78) | − 1.30 | 0.20 |
| WLR | 1.07 (0.86) | 1.10 (0.91) | − 0.20 | 0.84 |
| Remote memory | 9.18 (1.46) | 9.49 (1.23) | − 1.08 | 0.28 |
| Clock-drawing | 7.14 (1.80) | 7.00 (1.41) | 0.39 | 0.69 |
N sample size, M/F males/females, χ2 chi-squared test, t t-value for two-sample t test, MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination, FAQ Functional Activities Questionnaire, WLA word list acquisition, WLR word list recall
aMean and standard deviation (in parentheses) are shown for quantitative variables