Table 2.

Unadjusted association between sociodemographic characteristics and past-year use of prescription opioids (POs) and/or benzodiazepines (BZDs) among 2015 and 2016 NSDUH participants ages 18 and older.

	POs and BZDs (n = 6865) vs. Neither*		POs only (n = 24203) vs. Neither*		BZDs only (n = 3425) vs. Neither*
	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI
Age (in years)
18-25	Ref	–	Ref	–	Ref	–
26-34	1.29	1.18-1.40	1.19	1.12-1.27	1.11	1.00-1.24
35-49	1.36	1.24-1.49	1.20	1.13-1.27	1.23	1.11-1.37
50-64	1.68	1.53-1.85	1.35	1.27-1.44	1.48	1.30-1.68
65 +	1.30	1.16-1.47	1.28	1.19-1.37	1.60	1.38-1.85
Sex
Women	Ref	–	Ref	–	Ref	–
Men	0.55	0.51-0.60	0.85	0.82-0.89	0.54	0.49-0.60
Race/ethnicity
Non-white/Hispanic	Ref	–	Ref	–	Ref	–
Non-Hispanic White	2.50	2.26-2.76	1.21	1.15-1.27	2.41	2.15-2.70
Marital status
Unmarried	Ref	–	Ref	–	Ref	–
Married	0.75	0.69-0.81	0.96	0.91-1.01	0.87	0.78-0.97
Education
< High school	Ref	–	Ref	–	Ref	–
High school	1.32	1.13-1.53	1.10	1.01-1.19	1.31	1.10-1.55
Some college	1.57	1.39-1.78	1.25	1.16-1.34	1.73	1.45-2.05
College graduate	1.02	0.88-1.20	0.87	0.82-0.93	1.64	1.37-1.95
Employment
Full-time	Ref	–	Ref	–	Ref	–
Part-time	1.30	1.17-1.45	1.00	0.94-1.06	1.27	1.07-1.51
Unemployed	1.48	1.29-1.71	1.09	1.00-1.20	1.02	0.81-1.28
Not in workforce	1.90	1.75-2.06	1.24	1.17-1.31	1.33	1.19-1.49

^*Participants who used neither prescription opioids nor benzodiazepines (n = 51693) in the past year were used as the reference group.