Table 2.
Antibiotic Resistance of H. pylori: Molecular Pathologic Results
| Resistance to Antibiotic | Mutation Sites | All Patients* (n=261) | First-Treated Patients* (n=111) | Re-Treatment Patients* (n=150) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amoxicillin (A)a, no. (%) | PBP1 | 23 (9.0) | 6 (5.5) | 17 (11.7) | 0.083 |
| Clarithromycin (C)b, no. (%) | 23S rRNA | 159 (63.6) | 45 (42.1) | 114 (79.7) | <0.001 |
| Fluoroquinolone (F)c, no. (%) | gyrA | 151 (58.5) | 45 (41.7) | 106 (70.7) | <0.001 |
| Tetracycline (T)d, no. (%) | 16S rRNA | 49 (22.2) | 13 (12.9) | 36 (30.0) | 0.002 |
| AMPC + CAMe, no. (%) | 14 (5.7) | 5 (4.7) | 9 (6.4) | 0.566 | |
| AMPC + FLQf, no. (%) | 13 (5.2) | 3 (2.8) | 10 (6.9) | 0.147 | |
| AMPC + TETg, no. (%) | 10 (4.6) | 3 (3.0) | 7 (5.9) | 0.470 | |
| CAM + FLQh, no. (%) | 109 (44.1) | 26 (25.0) | 83 (58.0) | <0.001 | |
| CAM + TETi, no. (%) | 39 (17.8) | 10 (9.9) | 29 (24.6) | 0.005 | |
| FLQ + TETj, no. (%) | 34 (15.5) | 8 (8.1) | 26 (21.7) | 0.006 | |
| ≥ 3 (A/C/F/T), no. (%) | 43 (16.5) | 12 (10.8) | 31 (20.7) | 0.034 |
Notes: *A total of 261 patients were retrospectively analyzed, including 111 patients who were treated for the first time (one group as First-treated) and 150 patients who failed at least once in bismuth quadruple therapy (another group as Re-treatment). Data were available in a255 (110+145), b250 (107+143), c258 (108+150), d221 (101+120), e246 (106+140), f252 (107+145), g219 (101+118), h247 (104+143), i219 (101+118), and j219 (99+120) patients. The numbers before the brackets indicate the total available cases in the two groups.
Abbreviations: AMPC (A), amoxicillin; CAM (C), clarithromycin; FLQ (F), fluoroquinolone; TET (T), tetracycline.