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. 2019 Oct 17;267(1):244–256. doi: 10.1007/s00415-019-09580-x

Table 4.

Longitudinal clinical and electrophysiological changes in MND patients

Muscle Mean difference between baseline and four months (95%CI) p value Mean difference between baseline and 12 months (95%CI) p value SRM Var ratio
Clinical scores
 ALSFRS-R − 3.4 (− 4.9, − 1.8) < 0.001* − 5.7 (− 7.6, − 3.8) < 0.001* − 1.22 0.78
Dynamometry (lb)
 Right first dorsal interosseous − 1.1−  (− 1.9, − 0.4) 0.005* − 1.9 (− 2.8, − 0.9) < 0.001* − 0.74 0.86
 Left first dorsal interosseous − 1.0 (− 1.7, − 0.3) 0.004* − 2.0 (− 2.8, − 1.1) < 0.001* − 0.85 0.89
 Right abductor pollicis brevis − 0.2 (− 1.5, 1.2) 0.804 − 1.5 (− 3.2, 0.2) 0.081 − 0.38 0.79
 Left abductor pollicis brevis − 1.1 (− 2.9, 0.7) 0.250 − 2.1 (− 4.3, 0.2) 0.068 − 0.43 0.69
 Right abductor digiti minimi − 0.6 (− 1.3, 0.1) 0.070 − 1.0 (− 1.8, − 0.2) 0.015* − 0.36 0.70
 Left abductor digiti minimi − 0.8 (− 1.3, − 0.2) 0.005* − 1.4 (− 2.0, − 0.7) < 0.001* − 0.89 0.79
 Right quadriceps − 3.1 (− 7.4, 1.1) 0.149 − 4.6 (− 9.8, 0.6) 0.085 − 0.46 0.63
 Left quadriceps − 2.8 (− 7.6, 2.0) 0.250 − 3.6 (− 9.5, 2.3) 0.234 − 0.36 0.57
 Right tibialis anterior − 4.9 (− 10.0, 0.3) 0.064 − 10.7 (− 17.0, − 4.4) 0.001* − 0.73 0.85
 Left tibialis anterior − 8.4 (− 14.6, − 2.2) 0.008* − 9.3 (− 16.9, − 1.7) 0.016* − 0.64 0.79
MUNIX
 Biceps brachii − 19 (− 33, − 4) 0.013* − 23 (− 42, − 4) 0.017* − 0.45 0.85
 Abductor pollicis brevis − 23 (− 33, − 12) < 0.001* − 33 (− 46, − 20) < 0.001* − 1.47 0.90
 Abductor digiti minimi − 45 (− 62, − 21) < 0.001* − 66 (− 92, − 41) < 0.001* − 1.08 0.72
 Tibialis anterior − 11 (− 17, − 5) < 0.001* − 20 (− 27, − 13) < 0.001* − 1.59 0.96
 Abductor hallucis − 1 (− 23, 6) 0.234 − 28 (− 45, − 11) 0.001* − 0.72 0.93
 Extensor digitorum brevis − 2 (− 12, 8) 0.645 − 10 (− 23, 2) 0.108 − 0.40 0.83
MUSIX
 Biceps brachii 2 (− 1, 6) 0.212 1 (− 3, 6) 0.710 0.17 0.67
 Abductor pollicis brevis 5 (− 22, 33) 0.701 20 (− 14, 53) 0.253 0.23 0.21
 Abductor digiti minimi 6 (− 9, 21) 0.448 33 (15, 51) < 0.001* 1.04 0.27
 Tibialis anterior 5 (− 12, 22) 0.537 − 3 (− 23, 17) 0.778 − 0.12 0.68
 Abductor hallucis 3 (− 3, 9) 0.317 8 (1, 15) 0.031* 0.92 0.92
 Extensor digitorum brevis 1 (− 14, 16) 0.852 5 (− 14, 23) 0.621 0.05 0.83
CMAP
 Biceps brachii − 0.7 (− 1.2, − 0.2) 0.004* − 1.2 (− 1.8 to − 0.5) 0.001* − 0.86 0.88
 Abductor pollicis brevis − 1.1 (− 1.6, − 0.6) < 0.001* − 2.1 (− 2.8 to − 1.5) < 0.001* − 1.36 0.93
 Abductor digiti minimi − 1.2 (− 2.0, − 0.4) 0.002* − 2.2 (− 3.1 to − 1.2) < 0.001* − 0.87 0.86
 Tibialis anterior − 0.3 (− 0.7, 0.1) 0.191 − 1.0 (− 1.5, − 0.5) < 0.001* − 0.85 0.89
 Abductor hallucis − 0.6 (− 1.2, 0.1) 0.099 − 1.2 (− 2.0, − 0.4) 0.003* − 0.66 0.95
 Extensor digitorum brevis − 0.1 (− 0.6, 0.3) 0.553 − 0.7 (− 1.3, − 0.1) 0.017* − 0.86 0.92

Significant changes in clinical and electrophysiological parameters in MND patients between baseline and subsequent four and 12 month time-points are highlighted in bold. Results surviving multiple comparisons correction are asterisked. Electrophysiological measures were derived from the least affected side in each patient at baseline and the same muscle was retested at each follow-up

ALSFRS-R amyotrophic lateral sclerosis functional rating scale- revised, CI confidence interval, CMAP compound muscle action potential, lb pounds force, MUNIX motor unit number index, MUSIX motor unit number size, SRM standardized response mean, Var variance