Table 1.

Summary of included study characteristics with regards to study details, patient population details, intervention, relevant outcomes, interventions and baseline characteristics

Study	Study design	Country	Follow-up period (months)	Number of patients (males)	Renal function criteria	Imaging modality	Intervention	Baseline characteristics mean (±SD)	Relevant outcomes
Ruggenenti et al 28	Randomised, crossover, placebo-controlled trial	Italy	6	14 (9)	Serum creatinine <3.0 mg/dL, but >1.2 mg/dL (males) or >1.0 mg/dL (females)	CT	Octreotide-LAR, 40 mg intramuscularly every 28 days	eGFR (I) 59.5±25.2 (C) 57.9±22.4 TKV (I) 2551±1053 (C) 2461±959	TKV, eGFR, blood pressure, blood glucose and adverse effects
van Keimpema et al 24 (LOCKCYST)	Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial	The Netherlands	6	54 (7)	No eGFR restrictions, Haemodialysis (HD) patients excluded	CT	Lanreotide-LAR, 120 mg intramuscularly every 28 days	eGFR (I) 83±198 (C) 91±282 TKV (I) 1000±1846 (C) 1115±3727	TKV, TLV and adverse effects
Caroli et al 31	Secondary analysis of Ruggenenti et al 28	Italy	6	14 (9)	Serum creatinine <3.0 mg/dL, but >1.2 mg/dL (males) or >1.0 mg/dL (females)	CT	Octreotide-LAR, 40 mg intramuscularly every 28 days	TLV (I) 1595±478 (C) 1580±487	TLV
Hogan et al 23	Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial	USA	12	42 (6)	Patients with a serum creatinine concentration >3 mg/dL or dialysis-dependant excluded	CT	Octreotide-LAR, 40 mg intramuscularly every 28 days	eGFR (I) 70±27 (C) 71±27 TKV (I) 1142.9±826 (C) 803.0±269 TLV (I) 5907.7±2915 (C) 5373.9±3565	TKV, TLV, adverse effects, eGFR, blood glucose and blood pressure
Caroli et al 25 (ALADIN)	Randomised, single-blind placebo-controlled trial	Italy	36	79 (37)	eGFR of 40 mL/min per 1.73 m² or higher	MRI	Octreotide-LAR, 40 mg intramuscularly every 28 days	eGFR (I) 90±37 (C) 76.1±40 TKV (I) 1556±1035 (C) 2161±1274	TKV, eGFR, adverse effects, blood glucose and blood pressure
Pisani et al 30	Secondary analysis of ALADIN	Italy	36	27 (10)	eGFR of 40 mL/min per 1.73 m² or higher	MRI	Octreotide-LAR, 40 mg intramuscularly every 28 days	TLV (I) 1609±501 (C) 1693±470	TLV
Meijer et al 26 (DIPAK-1)	Randomised, open-label, ‘standard-of-care’ controlled trial	The Netherlands	30	309 (142)	eGFR of 30–60 mL/min/1.73 m2	MRI	Lanreotide-LAR, 120 mg intramuscularly every 28 days	eGFR (I) 51.0±11.5 (C) 51.4±11.2 TKV (I) 2046±1171 (C) 1874±1202	TKV, eGFR, blood pressure, blood glucose and adverse effects
Perico et al 27 (ALADIN 2)	Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial	Italy	36	100 (57)	eGFR between 15 and 40 mL/min/1.73 m2	CT	Octreotide-LAR, 40 mg intramuscularly every 28 days	eGFR (I) 27.9±10.15 (C) 25.8±6.44 TKV (I) 2,338±1362 (C) 2,591±1876	TKV, eGFR, progression to ESRF, adverse events, blood glucose and blood pressure
van Aerts et al 29	Secondary analysis of DIPAK-1	The Netherlands	30	175 (74)	eGFR of 30–60 mL/min/1.73 m2	MRI	Lanreotide-LAR, 120 mg intramuscularly every 28 days	TKV (I) 1528±883 (C) 1376±347	TLV

(C), control; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; (I), intervention; LAR, long-acting release;TKV, total kidney volume; TLV, total liver volume.