Table 2.
Univariate Analysis Results for Stromal Features for Predicting Distant Metastasis
| Characteristics | All Patients | DM | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Absent No. (%) | Present No. (%) | ||||
| DR | Mature | 98 | 87 (88.8) | 11 (11.2) | 0.002 |
| Intermediate | 5 | 3 (60.0) | 2 (40.0) | ||
| Immature | 19 | 11 (57.9) | 8 (42.1) | ||
| CAF | High | 65 | 60 (92.3) | 5 (7.7) | 0.003 |
| Low | 57 | 41 (71.9) | 16 (28.1) | ||
| VASH1 status | Mean ± SE | 15.34 ± 0.81 | 14.20 ± 0.72 | 15.61 ± 0.92 | 0.027 |
| Nestin status | Mean ± SE | 14.63 ± 1.72 | 14.91 ± 1.93 | 14.48 ± 1.01 | 0.483 |
| CD31 status | Mean ± SE | 25.11 ± 0.97 | 26.06 ± 1.03 | 23.40 ± 0.87 | 0.131 |
| VASH1/CD31 | Mean ± SE | 0.61 ± 0.01 | 0.56 ± 0.01 | 0.66 ± 0.01 | 0.004 |
| Nestin/CD31 | Mean ± SE | 0.66 ± 0.06 | 0.68 ± 0.06 | 0.62 ± 0.07 | 0.761 |
| Nestin/VASH1 | Mean ± SE | 0.92 ± 0.32 | 0.96 ± 0.35 | 0.87 ± 0.27 | 0.848 |
Note: Statistical analysis was conducted by Mann–Whitney U-test and Fisher exact test.
Abbreviations: DR, desmoplastic reaction; CAF, cancer-associated fibroblasts; VASH1, vasohibin-1; SE, standard error; DM, distant metastasis.