Table 2.
A representation of exercise interventions done in BMD. Number in parenthesis represents the article reference.
| Exercise mode/N | Duration | Frequency | Intensity | Improved outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cycling N = 11 Control group N = 7 (15) |
12 weeks 12 months F/U |
50 sessions in total 30 min/session |
65% of VO2max | VO2max, workload, hip abduction, and ankle plantar flexion and dorsiflexion |
| Treadmill N = 1 (16) |
4 weeks | 3 days/week 20 min/session |
65-80% HRmax | Lower limb strength, TUG, 10MWT, and 6MWT |
| Strength: LOIT N = 2 HIT N = 1 Control group N = 6 (10) |
6 months 3 months |
LOIT 3 days/week Twice at home and once at lab HIT 3 days/week at lab |
Low intensity: Knee extension, Elbow flexion 40% of 1RM, increase with 5% every other week 3 sets x 12-15 reps High intensity: Knee extension, Elbow flexion Wrist flexion & extension Ankle plantar flexion 70-85% of 1RM 3 sets x 8-12 reps, month 1 80-90% of 1RM 3 sets x 6-10 reps, month 2 85-92% 3 sets x 8-4 reps, month 3 |
Bicep strength and endurance, wrist flexion, extension, and endurance |
| Anti-gravity: N = 5 (12) |
10 weeks of control period 10 weeks of training intervention |
3 days/week 40 min/session |
70-80% of maximum heart rate (HRmax) Run/walk, jogging, and high knee lift 12 reps of squats and lunges 15-20 reps of calf raise |
6MWT and dynamic balance |
| Bodyweight supported: N = 5 (13) |
10 weeks control period 10 weeks of training intervention |
3 days/week 40 min/session |
70-80% of HRmax Closed-kinetic-chain strength exercises: squats, calf raises, and lunges Aerobic: Walk/run, jogging in place, or high knee-lift |
Closed kinetic chain leg strength and training distance |