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. 2019 Dec 10;11(12):668. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11120668

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Cumulative permeation of niacinamide (NIA) from binary and ternary solvent systems composed of propylene glycol (PG): t-butyl alcohol (T-BA) (●), PG: oleic acid (OA) (■), PG: Transcutol® P (TC) (◆), PG: dimethyl isosorbide (DMI) (▲), PG: linolenic acid (LA) (▄), PG:TC:DMI (50:25:25, ●) (A), TC:T-BA(●), TC:DMI(■), TC:PG:DMI (50:25:25, ■) and TC: caprylic/capric triglyceride (CCT):DMI (50:25:25, ◆) (B) in the Skin PAMPA model following the application of 1 μL per well (corresponding to 3 μL/cm2) of formulations. Each data point represents the mean ± SD, n = 4. * p < 0.05.