Table 5.

Bionomics of major malaria vectors in NE India.

Species	Sibling Species Present	Range	Bionomical Characteristics					Disease Transmission Relationships
			Larval Habitat	Resting Habitat	Feeding Habit	Peak Biting Activity (hours)	Susceptibility Status to Insecticides	Density	Infectivity
An. dirus complex	An. baimaii (Dirus D) [8,9]	All NE Indian states except for Sikkim [9]	Water pits, elephant footprints, rock bed ravine, mud pools etc.	Outdoor	Highly anthropophillic, both indoor and outdoor biter [72]	21:00–03:00	Susceptible [83]	5.78# (1986–1988, Arunachal Pradesh) [84]; 0.39* (1989–1990, Assam) [66]; 5.03* (2000–2001, Assam) [85]; 1.54# (2007–2008, Tripura) [49]; 4.0–6.0* (2012, Tripura) [83]; 4.0* (2014, Tripura) [86]	0.97% (1986–1988, Arunachal Pradesh) [84]; 1.6% (Aug1995-July1996, Assam) [87]; 3.2% (June 1999 to May 2000, Assam) [88]; 0.7% sporozoite rate (2000, Assam) [85]; 1.9% (1995–2000, Assam) [71]; 11% (2014, Tripura) [86]
An. minimus complex	An. minimus (Sibling Sp. A) [8]	All NE Indian states except for Sikkim	Perennial foothill seepage water streams	Human-dwellings indoors	Highly anthropophillic	01:00-04:00	Susceptible [83]	1.86# (1986–1988, Arunachal Pradesh) [84]; 0.4* (2014, Tripura) [86]	0.40% (1986–1988, Arunachal Pradesh) [84] 0.05% (2012, Tripura) [83].

* Per person per night, #—Trap density per night.