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. 2019 Dec 4;7(12):648. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms7120648

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Rate calculations during continuous cultures of H. mediterranei with cell retention using real industrial brine. (A) Dilution rate D, retention rate R, and Bleed:Feed ratio (1-R) calculated from online balance data. (B) Substrate consumption rate r_S calculated from feed rate and substrate concentrations. (C) Oxygen uptake rate (OUR) and carbon dioxide evolution rate (CER) calculated from online off-gas data. (D) Biomass turnover rate r_X calculated by the soft sensor from reconciled data and the statistical test value h for soft sensor calculation. Additionally the threshold for h of 3.84 is marked as black line. (E) Biomass concentration calculated from the soft sensor and from OD values. Root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) of soft sensor measurements in comparison to biomass set points was determined to be 2.0 g L⁻¹. (F) Specific growth rate µ calculated with biomass turnover rate and biomass concentration from soft sensor.