5. Parameters of neutrality test and mismatch distribution analysis for six T. heterochaetus populations .

Population	Neutrality test			Mismatch distribution analysis				Expansion time
	Tajima’s D	Fu’s Fs		SSD	HRI	Tau (τ)		t (Ma)
*: P<0.05, **:P<0.01. WZ: Wenzhou; FA: Fu’ an; FZ: Fuzhou; ZS: Zhongshan; YJ: Yangjiang; QZ: Qinzhou; HP: Hai Phong; ND: Nam Dịnh.
WZ	–0.486	–7.786**		0.023	0.024	6.425		0.113
FA+FZ	–0.395	–5.076*		0.052	0.123	4.834		0.085
ZS	–2.571**	–1.607		0.002	0.408	13.936		0.246
YJ	–1.995**	–11.090**		0.001	0.06	1.062		0.019
QZ	–2.172**	–7.960**		0.000 1	0.124	1.103		0.019
HP+ND	–2.333**	–24.297**		0.003	0.081	0.969		0.017