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. 2020 Jan 13;10:184. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-57013-6

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Schematic representation of the proposed changes occurring during early refeeding in gilthead sea bream. The Gh/Igf system recovers the synthetizing role with the Gh plasma levels still elevated activating now the hepatic expression/secretion of igf1, in parallel with the progressive up-regulation of the anabolic system components (ghr1, igf1, igf2 and igfbp5b). This condition contributes to the activation of the myogenic (pax7, myf5, myod1 and mrf4) and osteogenic (runx2, fib1a, col1a1 and on) genes, while downregulates the proteolytic (mafbx and murf1) and osteoclastogenic (ctsk) genes in muscle and bone, respectively. This early stage of refeeding may require a fine regulation of the different molecules involved, being myostatin a good candidate for bone and muscle crosstalk to assure harmonic musculoskeletal growth. P: pituitary; L: liver; WM: white muscle; B: bone.