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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Psychophysiol. 2019 Nov 28;147:202–212. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2019.11.008

Table 2.

Baseline group characteristics in GWI (n=39), GWI subgroup with PEM endorsement (GWI+PEM; n=18), and healthy controls (n=28) – Mood and Pain

GWI (n=39) GWI+PEM (n=18) CO (n=28) GWI vs. CO GWI+PEM vs. CO
Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD ES 95% Cl ES 95% Cl
Profile of Mood States Brief FormA
Tension 5.92 4.62 7.44 5.36 2.00 2.47 1.00 0.49, 1.52 1.39 0.73, 2.05
Depression 4.95 4.75 5.72 4.92 1.07 1.76 1.01 0.49, 1.52 1.36 0.71, 2.02
Anger 5.67 4.82 6.78 5.19 2.32 2.58 0.82 0.31, 1.32 1.15 0.52, 1.79
Vigor 4.44 3.57 3.56 3.01 9.00 3.30 −1.30 −1.84, −0.77 −1.68 −2.36, −0.99
Fatigue 11.31 5.21 11.67 5.03 2.79 2.87 1.92 1.33, 2.50 2.27 1.52, 3.02
Confusion 7.97 4.29 8.67 3.93 3.25 1.94 1.33 0.79, 1.87 1.86 1.15, 2.56
Total Mood Disturbance 31.90 19.55 37.83 19.88 2.43 11.16 1.76 1.19, 2.33 2.30 1.54, 3.06
Short Form McGill Pain QuestionnaireB
Continuous Pain 2.80 2.10 3.53 2.19 0.69 0.84 1.23 0.70, 1.76 1.85 1.15, 2.55
Intermittent Pain 2.35 2.58 2.84 2.73 0.38 0.63 0.97 0.46, 1.48 1.37 0.72, 2.03
Neuropathic Pain 2.26 2.07 2.85 2.64 0.21 0.31 1.27 0.74, 1.80 1.57 0.89, 2.24
Affective Pain 2.46 2.46 3.50 2.69 0.35 0.43 1.10 0.58, 1.62 1.82 1.12, 2.52
Total Pain 2.48 2.05 3.22 2.34 0.43 0.43 1.27 0.74, 1.81 1.85 1.13, 2.57

Note:

A

The instructional set for the Profile of Mood States Brief Form asked respondents to indicate how they were feeling “during the past week, including today”

B

The instructional set for the Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire-2 asked respondents to indicate how they were feeling “during the past week”