Figure 2.

Schematic representation describing how reference laboratories for molecular diagnostic and genomic analyses could be integrated into routine surveillance for malaria elimination. The national malaria control program (NMCP) should coordinate the different activities. All positive samples collected during routine case management at health facility or by community health workers (CHWs) should be sent directly to the reference laboratory. Samples collected during surveillance should be send to regional or national reference laboratory, where they are screened for malaria, and positive samples would be then sent to the national or sub-regional reference laboratory. Metadata collected during case management of surveillance should be sent directly to NMCP in real-time by apps developed specifically for malaria surveillance.