Table 3.
Analysis of risk factors for E. bieneusi infection in children
| Variable | Examined no. (%) | Positive no (%) | ORa (95% CIb) | χ2/P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic factor | ||||
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 44/45.36 | 4/9.09 | 5.20 (0.56, 48.35) | 1.29/0.26 |
| Female | 53/54.64 | 1/1.89 | ||
| Clinical symptoms | ||||
| Diarrhea | ||||
| Yes | 26/26.80 | 2/7.69 | 1.89 (0.30, 12.00) | 0.03/0.87 |
| No | 71/73.20 | 3/4.23 | ||
| Abdominal pain | ||||
| Yes | 14/14.43 | 1/7.14 | 0.66 (0.07, 6.36) | 0/1.00 |
| No | 83/85.57 | 4/4.82 | ||
| Nausea | ||||
| Yes | 3/3.09 | 0 | 1.03 (1.00, 1.07) | −/1.00c |
| No | 94/96.91 | 5/5.32 | ||
| Emesis | ||||
| Yes | 2/2.06 | 0 | 1.02 (1.00, 1.05) | −/1.00c |
| No | 95/97.94 | 5/5.26 | ||
| Anorexia | ||||
| Yes | 2/2.06 | 0 | 1.02 (1.00, 1.05) | −/1.00c |
| No | 95/97.94 | 5/5.26 | ||
| Personal hygiene habits | ||||
| Drinking boiled water | ||||
| Yes | 71/73.20 | 2/2.82 | 4.50 (0.71, 28.63) | 1.45/0.23 |
| No | 26/26.80 | 3/11.54 | ||
| Washing hands before meals | ||||
| Yes | 42/43.30 | 4/9.52 | 0.18 (0.02, 1.64) | 1.53/0.22 |
| No | 55/56.70 | 1/1.82 | ||
| Washing hands after using toilets | ||||
| Yes | 31/31.96 | 0 | 1.08 (1.01, 1.16) | −/0.17c |
| No | 66/68.04 | 5/7.58 | ||
| Eating unwashed vegetables and fruits | ||||
| Yes | 79/81.44 | 5/6.33 | 1.24 (1.12, 1.38) | −/0.58c |
| No | 18/18.56 | 0 | ||
| Others | ||||
| Pit toilets | ||||
| Public | 95/97.94 | 5/5.26 | 1.02 (1.00, 1.05) | −/1.00c |
| Individual | 2/2.06 | 0 | ||
| Animal feeding patterns | ||||
| Free-ranging | 29/29.90 | 1/3.45 | 0.39 (0.02, 6.85) | 0/1.00 |
| Both free-ranging and captive | 56/57.73 | 3/5.36 | 0.62 (0.06, 6.56) | 0/1.00 |
| Captive | 12/12.37 | 1/8.33 | Ref | |
a OR Odds ratio. b CI Confidence interval. c Fisher’s exact test