Table 2.

Clinical and demographic characteristics of patients in the training and validation sets

Characteristics	Training set		P-value	Validation set		P-value
	Low-malignant group (n = 109)	High-malignant group (n = 199)		Low-malignant group (n = 47)	High-malignant group (n = 85)
Gender			0.641			0.380
Male	60	104		27	42
Female	49	95		20	43
Age (mean ± SD, years)	56.9 ± 9.99	58.4 ± 10.82	0.251	57.96 ± 11.20	58.8 ± 11.42	0.696
Symptom (%)			0.875			0.704
+	70 (64.22%)	126 (63.32%)		43 (91.49%)	76 (89.41%)
-	39 (35.78%)	73 (36.68%)		4 (8.51%)	9 (10.59%)
Tumor history (%)			0.918			0.343
+	13 (11.93%)	20 (10.05%)		4 (8.51%)	11 (12.94%)
-	96 (88.03%)	199 (89.95%)		43 (91.49%)	74 (87.06%)
Family history (%)			0.176			0.187
+	11 (10.09%)	27 (13.57%)		3 (6.38%)	10 (11.76%)
-	98 (89.91%)	172 (86.43%)		44 (93.62%)	75 (88.24%)

Note: P-values were the results of univariable association analyses of each characteristic and of the two groups

SD standard deviation