Table 3.

Summary of drug therapy for colorectal cancer patients with MSI characteristics

Drug	Target	Indications	Remarks	Refs.
Fluorouracil	Nucleic acid	Stage III to IV CRC	Chemotherapy	Kwon et al. [81]
Nivolumab	PD-L1	Patients with advanced metastatic CRC over the age of 12 years with MSI-H/dMMR; BRAF mutation caused by dMMR/MSI-H metastatic CRC	Based on the chemotherapy drug treatment	Overman et al. [87]
Ipilimumab	CTLA4	Combined treatment with Nivolumab for metastatic CRC aggravated by MSI-H/dMMR after oxaliplatin, irinotecan and fluorouracil	Low dose ipilimumab combined with nivolumab can reduce side effects in patients	Overman et al. [89]
Pembrolizumab	PD-L1	Advanced anti-PD-L1 positive CRC patients	Based on the chemotherapy drug treatment	O’Neil et al. [91]
Bevacizumab	VEGF	Patients with MSI-H tumor	Based on the chemotherapy drug treatment	Innocenti et al. [92]

PD-L1 programmed cell death-Ligand 1, CTLA4 cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4, VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor, CRC colorectal cancer, dMMR mismatch repair deficient, MSI-H microsatellite high instability