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. 2020 Jan 1;11(5):1017–1026. doi: 10.7150/jca.37590

Figure 3.

Figure 3

VG9-IL-24 induced apoptosis of breast cancer cells. (A) Cell apoptotic staining by Hoechst 33258. MDA-MB-231 cells and MCF-10A cells treated with PBS, VG9-IL-24 or VG9-EGFP were incubated with Hoechst 33258 for 30 min, and nuclear fragmentation and chromatin clumping were observed in virus-treated groups but not in normal cells. Bar: 20 μm. (B) The percentage of apoptotic cells was determined by flow cytometry. MDA-MB-231 cells treated with PBS, VG9-IL-24 or VG9-EGFP were harvested after 48 h and stained with FITC-labeled Annexin V and PI and immediately analyzed by flow cytometry. The apoptosis ratio of VG9-IL-24 group was significantly higher than that of VG9-EGFP or PBS group (P<0.01 compared with PBS group; P<0.05 compared with VG9-EGFP group). (C) Cell-cycle analysis by flow cytometry. MDA-MB-231 cells treated with PBS, VG9-IL-24 or VG9-EGFP were harvested after 48 h and stained with PI. Cell cycle distribution was analyzed by flow cytometry and the percentage of cell-cycle phases was analyzed. Higher G2/M proportion of the cell cycle was observed in VG9-IL-24 group compared with PBS or VG9-EGFP group (P<0.01 compared with PBS group; P<0.05 compared with VG9-EGFP group). Each bar represents the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. *P<0.05; **P <0.01.