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. 2020 Jan 14;10:291. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-57251-8

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Contribution of professional vs. non-professional observers to the detection of COTS. Spatial range of COTS occurrences, mean observation density and number of COTS detection per abundance categories for professional (PROF), non-professional (NON PROF) and combined observers. Range size: number of 5 km × 5 km geographical quadrats that COTS were detected in; Mean observation density: average number of COTS reports per geographical quadrat; Single COTS: number of reports of single COTS; Aggregations: number of reports with less than 100 COTS; Potential outbreaks: number of reports with more than 100 COTS.