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. 2020 Jan 14;10:202. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-56794-0

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Cardiac tissue change of (a) leak respiration (following addition of complex III inhibitor oligomycin), (b) mitochondrial membrane potential, (c) predicted ATP synthesis rates and (d) fraction of intact mitochondrial ATP production (i.e. oxidative phosphorylation (state 3 respiration - leak respiration)/state 3 respiration) with increasing temperatures in comparison between cold-temperate J. edwardsii (blue), subtropical S. verreauxi (green) and tropical P. ornatus (red). Data presented as means ±95% CI, n = 6–8. Open circles indicate significant difference relative to the lowest temperature for each species. Coloured tick marks at bottom x-axes indicate optimal temperatures for growth corresponding to each species (20.6 °C for J. edwardsii¹⁰⁰, 21.5 °C for S. verreauxi³⁴ and 28 °C for P. ornatus⁸²).