Table 1.
Clinicopathologic characteristics of patients.
| Variable | Total cohort (n = 423) | Training cohort (n = 212) | Validation cohort (n = 211) | P-value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 51.0 ± 12.2 | 51.0 ± 11.9 | 51.0 ± 12.6 | 0.959 |
| Gender | 0.198 | |||
| Male | 353 (83.5%) | 172 (81.1%) | 181 (85.8%) | |
| Female | 70 (16.5%) | 40 (18.9%) | 30 (14.2%) | |
| HBV infection | 0.323 | |||
| Negative | 61 (14.4%) | 27 (12.7%) | 34 (16.1%) | |
| Positive | 362 (85.6%) | 185 (87.3%) | 177 (83.9%) | |
| AFP, ng/mL | 0.152 | |||
| <400 | 257 (60.8%) | 136 (64.2%) | 121 (57.3%) | |
| ≥400 | 166 (39.2%) | 76 (35.8%) | 90 (42.7%) | |
| Tumor size, cm | 6.1 ± 3.7 | 6.0 ± 3.6 | 6.2 ± 3.8 | 0.736 |
| Tumor number | 0.464 | |||
| Single | 331 (78.3%) | 169 (79.7%) | 162 (76.8%) | |
| Multiple | 92 (21.7%) | 43 (20.3%) | 49 (23.2%) | |
| ALBI score | −2.8 ± 0.4 | −2.8 ± 0.4 | −2.8 ± 0.3 | 0.934 |
| AJCC-TNM Stage | 0.674 | |||
| Stage I | 238 (56.3%) | 120 (56.6%) | 118 (55.9%) | |
| Stage II | 136 (32.2%) | 65 (30.7%) | 71 (33.6%) | |
| Stage III | 49 (11.6%) | 27 (12.7%) | 22 (10.4%) | |
| BCLC Classification | 0.614 | |||
| A | 335 (79.2%) | 170 (80.2%) | 165 (78.2%) | |
| B | 88 (20.8%) | 42 (19.8%) | 46 (21.8%) | |
| MVI | 0.540 | |||
| No | 301 (71.2%) | 148 (69.8%) | 153 (72.5%) | |
| Yes | 122 (28.8%) | 64 (30.2%) | 58 (27.5%) | |
| Tumor differentiation | 0.117 | |||
| Grade I-II | 285 (67.7%) | 136 (64.2%) | 149 (71.3%) | |
| Grade III-IV | 136 (32.3%) | 76 (35.8%) | 60 (28.7%) | |
| Pseudoglandular structure | 0.323 | |||
| No | 362 (85.6%) | 185 (87.3%) | 177 (83.9%) | |
| Yes | 61 (14.4%) | 27 (12.7%) | 34 (16.1%) | |
| Trabecular structure | 0.784 | |||
| None | 249 (58.9%) | 122 (57.5%) | 127 (60.2%) | |
| Thin | 33 (7.8%) | 15 (7.1%) | 18 (8.5%) | |
| Moderate | 64 (15.1%) | 33 (15.6%) | 31 (14.7%) | |
| Thick | 77 (18.2%) | 42 (19.8%) | 35 (16.6%) | |
| Steatosis | 0.279 | |||
| None | 226 (53.4%) | 116 (54.7%) | 110 (52.1%) | |
| Grade 1 | 68 (16.1%) | 27 (12.7%) | 41 (19.4%) | |
| Grade 2 | 47 (11.1%) | 24 (11.3%) | 23 (10.9%) | |
| Grade 3 | 82 (19.4%) | 45 (21.2%) | 37 (17.5%) | |
| Fibrolamellar-HCC | 0.542 | |||
| No | 396 (93.6%) | 200 (94.3%) | 196 (92.9%) | |
| Yes | 27 (6.4%) | 12 (5.7%) | 15 (7.1%) | |
| Tumor budding | 0.283 | |||
| Grade 1 | 160 (37.8%) | 87 (41.0%) | 73 (34.6%) | |
| Grade 2 | 111 (26.2%) | 56 (26.4%) | 55 (26.1%) | |
| Grade 3 | 152 (35.9%) | 69 (32.5%) | 83 (39.3%) |
HBV, hepatitis b virus; AFP, alpha fetoprotein; ALBI, albumin-bilirubin; AJCC, American Joint Committee on Cancer; BCLC, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer; MVI, microvascular invasion.*, P values were generated by comparing data of the training and validation cohorts.