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. 2018 Dec;5(4):041107. doi: 10.1063/1.5050245

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Published by AIP Publishing.

1931-9401/2018/5(4)/041107/17/$30.00

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FIG. 6. — (A1) Designed pillar hydrogel structures and (A2) 3D fabrication for the generation of 3D muscle strips. (A3) Cell and matrix solution used to form the muscle strip component. (A4) The assembly and compaction of the cells and matrix around the pillars to form the skeletal muscle bio-bot device. (Reproduced with permission from C. Cvetkovic et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 111, 10125 (2014). Copyright 2014 National Academy of Sciences). (B1) Stereolithographic 3D printing of cantilever structure. (B2) Photopolymerization process to form cantilever and base structures. (B3) Functionalization of cantilever surface with collagen and seeding of cardiomyocytes as a monolayer. (B4) Schematic of the actuating bio-bot. (B5) Top view images of printed cantilever bio-bot structures. (B6) Representative images of three different bio-bot designs and their power stroke. (Reproduced with permission from V. Chan et al., Sci. Rep. 2, 857 (2012). Copyright 2014 Chan et al.).