Table 7.
Characteristics of all patients with positive alpha-defensin lateral flow test and/or positive or inconclusive criteria
| Case |
Criteria |
A |
B |
C |
D |
E |
F |
G |
H |
I |
PJI? |
|||||||
| Art | Sinus tract | Visible purulence | CRP (mg/ L) | ESR (mm/h) | WBC count (cells/μL) | PMN% | Culture synovial fluid (nr of cultures) | Culture tissue (nr of cultures) | AD | MSIS (+/-; criteria) | EBJIS (+/-; criteria) | 2018 ICM (+/-/i; criteria) | Revision surgery | 1- or 2-stage | ||||
| 1 | CoC | - | - | 6.5 | 21.0 | 19100 | 91 | neg (1) | neg (6) | + | - | E,F | + | E,F | + | E,F,I | Yes | 2-stage |
| 2 | MoP | Yes | - | 9.0 | 23.0 | - | - | pos (2) | pos (8/9) | + | + | A,G,H | + | A,G,H | + | A,G,H,I | Yes | 2-stage |
| 3 | MoP | - | - | 8.5 | 29.0 | 3000 | 4 | neg (2) | - | - | - | + | E | - | No | - | ||
| 4 | MoP | - | - | 9.8 | 16.0 | 6200 | 77 | neg (2) | pos (5/8) | + | + | E,H | + | E,F,H | + | E,H,I | Yes | 2-stage |
| 5 | CoC | - | - | 6.9 | 10.0 | 2300 | - | neg (1) | - | - | - | + | E | - | No | - | ||
| 6 | MoP | - | - | 12.0 | 26.0 | 10 | - | neg (2) | pos (1/2) | - | - | C,H | - | i | C,H | Yes | 1-stage | |
| 7 | MoP | - | - | - | - | 9350 | - | neg (1) | - | - | - | E | + | E | - | E | No | - |
| 8 | HA | - | - | - | - | - | - | neg (1) | pos (1/6) | + | - | H | - | i | H,I | Yes | 1-stage | |
| 9 | MoP | - | - | 144.0 | 64.0 | 37300 | 92 | pos (1/2) | pos (2/6) | + | + | C,D,E,F,G,H | + | E,F,G,H | + | C,D,E,F,H,I | Yes | DAIR |
| 10 | MoP | - | - | 61.0 | 72.0 | 7900 | 95 | pos (1/1) | pos (9/9) | + | + | C,D,E,F,G,H | + | E,F,G,H | + | C,D,E,F,H,I | Yes | 2-stage |
| 11 | MoP | - | - | 71.0 | 55.0 | 35300 | 97 | pos (2/2) | pos (7/7) | + | + | C,D,E,F,G,H | + | E,F,G,H | + | C,D,E,F,H,I | Yes | 2-stage |
| 12 | HA | - | - | 9.6 | - | 4900 | 81 | - | - | + | - | E,F | + | E,F | + | E,F,I | No | - |
| 13 | MoM | - | Yes | 195.0 | - | 264000 | 96 | neg (2) | - | + | + | B,C,E,F | + | B,E,F | + | B,C,E,F,I | No | - |
| 14 | MoP | - | - | 15.0 | 13.0 | 8000 | - | neg (1) | neg (6) | + | - | C,E | + | E | + | C,E,I | Yes | 2-stage |
| 15 | HA | - | - | 1.0 | 9.0 | 4000 | 15 | neg (2) | - | - | - | E | + | E | - | E | No | - |
| 16 | MoM | - | - | 5.7 | 8.0 | 5170 | 52 | neg (3) | - | + | - | E | + | E | + | E,I | No | - |
Art: Articulation; CoC: Ceramic on ceramic; MoP: Metal on polyethylene; MoM: Metal on metal; HA: Hemiarthroplasty; CoP: Ceramic on polyethylene; CRP: C-reactive protein; ESR: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate; WBC: White blood cell; PMN%: Polymorphonuclear neutrophil percentage; PJI: Prosthetic joint infection; AD: Alpha-defensin test; MSIS: Musculoskeletal Infection Society; EBJIS: The European Bone and Joint Infection Society; i: Inconclusive; +: Positive; -: Negative.