FIGURE 2.

Assessment of skeletal muscle autophagy initiation signaling in response to 1 h 40°C HT. C2C12 myotubes were left at 37°C, TN, or exposed to 40°C for 1 h, HT, with cell harvest occurring immediately 0 h, 2 h, or 24 h post-heating. Protein lysates of TN and heat treated myotubes were analyzed by western blot for autophagy initiation proteins: pmTOR^S2448, pAMPK^T172, pULK1^S757, and pULK1^S555. Western blots and the quantifications are shown for all proteins. Bars that do not share similar letters denote statistical significance, p < 0.05 using a one-way ANOVA. Values are presented as mean ± SEM, compared to TN.