Table 3.

Functional cross-sectional area of the multifidus and erector spinae before and 24 months after surgery

	OLIF (n = 32)	OLIF+PPSF (n = 41)	P a
Multifidus (cm2)
Pre-op	8.59 ± 1.76	7.72 ± 2.69	0.099
Post-op 2 years	9.39 ± 1.74	5.67 ± 1.71	< 0.001
Pb	0.072	< 0.001
Erector spinae (cm2)
Pre-op	13.32 ± 1.59	12.60 ± 2.04	0.104
Post-op 2 years	13.55 ± 1.31	10.15 ± 1.82	< 0.001
Pb	0.533	< 0.001

OLIF Oblique lateral interbody fusion, PPSF Percutaneous pedicle screw fixation

^a Comparison between the two groups

^b Comparison between pre- and post-operation