Figure 4.

AtZP1 Is a Transcriptional Repressor of Root Hair Growth and Development.

(A) Schematic representation of the reporter and various effector constructs used in the luciferase activity assay. Red font represents mutated amino acids.

(B) Bioluminescence (showing relative luciferase activity) in Arabidopsis protoplasts. Error bars indicate sd (n = 3). Statistical significance was determined by one-way ANOVA, Duncan’s multiple range test. Significant differences at P < 0.01 are represented by different letters (a to c) above the bars. Cont, control group.

(C) Root hair phenotypes of the controls (the wild type; Cont), 35S:ZP1 lines, 35S:ZP1m lines, and 35S:ZP1d lines. Bar = 200 μm.

(D) Relative expression levels of AtZP1 in different types of transgenic Arabidopsis lines determined by RT-qPCR; UBQ10 was used for the internal reference. Cont indicates the control group (the wild-type Arabidopsis). Data are means of three biological replicates ± sd. Statistical significance was determined by one-way ANOVA, Duncan’s multiple range test. Significant differences at P = 0.05 are represented by different letters (a and b) above the bars.

(E) Average root hair length for the controls (the wild type; Cont), 35S:ZP1 lines, 35S:ZP1m lines, and 35S:ZP1d lines. Statistical significance was determined by one-way ANOVA, Duncan’s multiple range test. For each column, significant differences at P < 0.01 are represented by different letters (a to c) above the bars.