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. 2019 Dec 28;11(1):32–38. doi: 10.1080/21505594.2019.1705022

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© 2019 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 2. — EV71 virions could be wrapped within exosomes in vitro. (a) buoyant density of EV71 particles released by RD cells in iodixanol gradients. Exosome-like vesicles wrapping EV71 particles (EXO-EV71) gathered in 1.10–1.12g/mL (fraction 7–8), non-enveloped EV71 particles gathered in 1.18–1.26g/mL (fraction 4–5). (b) TEM images of EXO-EV71 (a-c, fraction 7–8 in A) and non-enveloped EV71 (d, fraction 4–5 in A). c, distribution of the number of virion-like particles contained within individual exosomes. d, distribution of EXO-EV71 size measured by nanoparticle NTA. e, immunoblots of EV71 capsid proteins (VP1) and exosomes positive marker (CD63 and TSG101) and negative marker (CANX and Albumin) in lysate of EV71-infected cells, EXO-EV71 and EV71 particles. f, immunoblot analysis of CD63, TSG101 and VP1 in EXO-EV71 exposed to proteinase K with or without detergent (0.1% Triton X-100, used to ensure degradation of both surface and internal components).