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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Soc Sci Med. 2019 Nov 21;245:112696. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112696

Table 2.

Frequency of ACEs items.

T4 sample (N = 347) Maltreated (n = 219) Comparison (n = 128)
ACE item N or Mean % or SD N or Mean % or SD N or Mean % or SD p ≤
Household Dysfunction
Parental divorce 50 14 39 18 11 9 0.02
Parental incarceration 13 4 11 5 2 2 ns
Witnessing IPV 133 38 94 43 39 30 0.02
Household member substance use 99 29 80 36 19 15 0.01
Household dysfunction totala 0.85 0.93 1.02 0.97 0.55 0.76 0.01
Maltreatment
Sexual abuse 68 20 56 26 12 9 0.01
Physical abuse 108 31 83 38 25 20 0.01
Physical Neglect 114 33 99 45 15 12 0.01
Emotional neglect 138 40 99 45 39 30 0.01
Emotional abuse 127 37 92 42 35 27 0.01
Maltreatment total 1.59 1.59 1.95 1.65 0.98 1.26 0.01
ACEs totala 2.45 2.23 2.99 2.35 1.54 1.65 0.01

Note. N and percent shown for individual items and mean and standard deviation (SD) shown for the total scores. Group differences examined using χ2 for percentages and independent samples t-test for means. N = 347 due to 5 missing data on the trauma interview. IPV = Intimate Partner Violence.

a

missing parental mental illness.