Table 6.

Mean (SE) differences in mental health symptoms based on low vs high ACEs score.

		ACEs 0 vs 1+				ACEs 0–1 vs 2+
		Low	High	p ≤	Cohen’s d	Low	High	p ≤	Cohen’s d
Variable	N=	89	258			154	193
Depressive symptoms		7.50 (.67)	10.51 (.39)	0.001	0.63	7.95 (.50)	11.16 (.45)	0.001	0.61
Trauma symptoms		27.31 (1.05)	31.20 (.61)	0.002	0.45	27.18 (.78)	32.61 (.69)	0.001	0.59
Anxiety symptoms		29.74 (1.44)	33.17 (.83)	0.040	0.36	29.55 (1.08)	34.47 (.96)	0.001	0.46
Externalizing behavior		8.71 (.95)	9.66 (.55)	0.396	0.07	8.26 (.72)	10.34 (.64)	0.035	0.19
		ACEs 0–2 vs 3+				ACEs 0–3 vs 4+
		Low	High	p ≤	Cohen’s d	Low	High	p ≤	Cohen’s d
	N=	197	150			239	108
Depressive symptoms		8.21 (.44)	11.73 (.50)	0.001	0.63	8.85 (.41)	11.68 (.61)	0.001	0.52
Trauma symptoms		27.35 (.67)	33.94 (.77)	0.001	0.70	28.47 (.62)	34.02 (.94)	0.001	0.58
Anxiety symptoms		29.59 (.94)	35.84 (1.08)	0.001	0.54	31.22 (.87)	34.67 (1.31)	0.031	0.35
Externalizing behavior		8.15 (.63)	11.08 (.72)	0.003	0.30	8.45 (.57)	11.56 (.86)	0.003	0.31

Note. Mean differences between ACEs groups tested using MANCOVA controlling for T4 age, race, and sex. SE = standard error.