Table 2. Factors associated with diabetes care cascade retention, Thailand 2014.
Un-nested logistic regression.
| Screened | Diagnosed | Controlled | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| aOR | 95% CI | p value | aOR | 95% CI | p value | aOR | 95% CI | p value | ||||
| Region | ||||||||||||
| Northeast | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Bangkok + Central | 0.60 | 0.30 | 1.20 | 0.15 | 0.84 | 0.56 | 1.27 | 0.42 | 1.18 | 0.80 | 1.75 | 0.40 |
| South | 0.83 | 0.36 | 1.93 | 0.67 | 1.23 | 0.74 | 2.02 | 0.43 | 1.35 | 0.84 | 2.18 | 0.21 |
| North | 0.74 | 0.38 | 1.44 | 0.37 | 1.01 | 0.68 | 1.5 | 0.97 | 1.36 | 0.92 | 2.00 | 0.12 |
| Age | ||||||||||||
| Age in 10 year increments | 2.62 | 2.12 | 3.25 | <0.001 | 1.76 | 1.56 | 1.98 | <0.001 | 1.80 | 1.61 | 2.01 | <0.001 |
| Sex | ||||||||||||
| Female | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Male | 0.38 | 0.23 | 0.61 | <0.001 | 0.65 | 0.5 | 0.86 | 0.002 | 0.81 | 0.63 | 1.05 | 0.12 |
| BMI | ||||||||||||
| Underweight | 0.46 | 0.17 | 1.21 | 0.12 | 0.53 | 0.24 | 1.17 | 0.12 | 0.53 | 0.24 | 1.14 | 0.10 |
| Normal | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Overweight | 2.35 | 1.39 | 3.98 | 0.001 | 1.58 | 1.17 | 2.13 | 0.003 | 1.47 | 1.11 | 1.94 | 0.007 |
| Obese | 1.28 | 0.68 | 2.43 | 0.44 | 1.62 | 1.11 | 2.37 | 0.01 | 1.75 | 1.22 | 2.51 | 0.002 |
| Highest Educational Level | ||||||||||||
| Primary or Lower | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Low Secondary | 1.48 | 0.67 | 3.29 | 0.33 | 0.71 | 0.43 | 1.15 | 0.16 | 0.84 | 0.51 | 1.38 | 0.49 |
| High Secondary or Vocational | 1.95 | 0.94 | 4.05 | 0.07 | 0.99 | 0.63 | 1.55 | 0.96 | 1.10 | 0.71 | 1.69 | 0.67 |
| University | 1.03 | 0.42 | 2.54 | 0.94 | 0.76 | 0.42 | 1.37 | 0.36 | 0.87 | 0.47 | 1.62 | 0.66 |
| Geography | ||||||||||||
| Rural | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Urban | 0.92 | 0.56 | 1.51 | 0.74 | 0.90 | 0.68 | 1.19 | 0.46 | 0.85 | 0.64 | 1.12 | 0.25 |
| Health System | ||||||||||||
| Hospital per Population, standardized | 0.63 | 0.39 | 1.51 | 0.74 | 0.76 | 0.58 | 1.00 | 0.05 | 0.82 | 0.64 | 1.06 | 0.14 |
| Health Center per Population, Standardized | 2.33 | 1.24 | 4.39 | 0.01 | 1.58 | 1.12 | 2.24 | 0.01 | 1.56 | 1.13 | 2.15 | 0.01 |
| Staff per Population, standardized | 2.49 | 1.03 | 6.01 | 0.04 | 2.40 | 1.41 | 4.08 | 0.001 | 1.82 | 1.10 | 2.99 | 0.02 |
| Public Health Nurses per Population, Standardized | 0.94 | 0.53 | 1.67 | 0.84 | 0.71 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 0.05 | 0.79 | 0.57 | 1.09 | 0.15 |
| Subpopulation (n) | 2255 | 2255 | 2255 | |||||||||
Multivariable adjusted odds ratios estimated using logistic regression with un-nested denominators at each stage. Analysis incorporated sample weights.
aOR = adjusted odds ratio. BMI = body mass index. BMI categories were: underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m^2), normal (18.5 ≤ BMI < 25), overweight (25 ≤ BMI < 30), and obese (BMI ≤ 30). For health system variables (population per hospital, population per staff, population per health center, population per public health nurses), values were standardized so a one unit increase represents a one standard deviation increase from the mean.