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. 2020 Jan 15;10:308. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-57093-4

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Growth curve (left) and pH changes in cultures (right) of V. cholerae strains in glucose-Supplemented Media. (a) Classical biotype strain O395, (b) Wave 1 prototype El Tor strain N16961, (c) Wave 2 atypical El Tor strain B33, and (d) Wave 3 atypical El Tor strain IB5230. Glucose was added to LB media at 0% (filled circle), 0.5% (circle), 1.0% (inverted filled triangle), and 1.5% (inverted triangle). Three independent experiments were performed. Values of mean ± standard deviation (viable cell count) and a representative result (pH) are shown.