Table 2.
Characteristics of the respondents, by type of TTO task
| Variable | Iteration-based (n = 80) | Open-ended (n = 80) | Modified open-ended (n = 33) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | n | % | |
| Mean age in years (SD) | 59. 9 (11.3) | 56.2 (13.0) | 55.9 (10.4) | |||
| Age groups | ||||||
| 27–44 years | 6 | 7.5 | 15 | 18.8 | 5 | 15.2 |
| 45–64 years | 45 | 56.3 | 43 | 53.8 | 23 | 69.7 |
| 65+ years | 29 | 36.3 | 22 | 27.5 | 5 | 15.2 |
| Sex | ||||||
| Female | 37 | 46.3 | 35 | 43.8 | 12 | 36.4 |
| Male | 43 | 53.8 | 45 | 56.3 | 21 | 63.6 |
| Educational level | ||||||
| Below primary school | 13 | 16.3 | 12 | 15.0 | 8 | 24.2 |
| Primary school | 17 | 21.3 | 11 | 13.8 | 7 | 21.2 |
| Middle school | 22 | 27.5 | 21 | 26.3 | 9 | 27.3 |
| High school | 22 | 27.5 | 25 | 31.3 | 4 | 12.1 |
| College and above | 6 | 7.5 | 11 | 13.8 | 5 | 15.2 |
| Occupational status | ||||||
| Employed | 25 | 31.3 | 32 | 40.0 | 15 | 45.5 |
| Retired | 35 | 43.8 | 33 | 41.3 | 11 | 33.3 |
| Not employed | 20 | 25.0 | 15 | 18.8 | 7 | 21.2 |
| Clinical characteristics | ||||||
| Complications-hypertension | 36 | 45.0 | 25 | 31.3 | 14 | 42.4 |
| Complications-others | 22 | 27.5 | 20 | 25.0 | 9 | 27.3 |
| Comorbidities other than hypertension | 29 | 36.3 | 24 | 30.0 | 9 | 27.3 |
| Disease duration ≥ 120 months (months) | 31 | 38.8 | 26 | 32.5 | 12 | 36.4 |
| Treatment with insulin | 58 | 72.5 | 64 | 80.0 | 29 | 87.9 |
| Self-rated health (SRH) | ||||||
| Very good | 2 | 2.5 | 5 | 6.3 | 3 | 9.1 |
| Good | 22 | 27.5 | 18 | 22.5 | 8 | 24.2 |
| Fair | 51 | 63.8 | 44 | 55.0 | 19 | 57.6 |
| Bad | 4 | 5.0 | 11 | 13.8 | 2 | 6.1 |
| Very bad | 1 | 1.3 | 2 | 2.5 | 1 | 3.0 |
| Mobility | ||||||
| Level 1 | 65 | 81.3 | 63 | 78.8 | 25 | 75.8 |
| Level 2 | 11 | 13.8 | 8 | 10.0 | 4 | 12.1 |
| Level 3 | 2 | 2.5 | 4 | 5.0 | – | – |
| Level 4 and 5 | 2 | 2.5 | 5 | 6.3 | 4 | 12.1 |
| Self-care | ||||||
| Level 1 | 76 | 95.0 | 75 | 93.8 | 30 | 90.9 |
| Level 2 | 2 | 2.5 | 1 | 1.3 | – | – |
| Level 3 | 2 | 2.5 | 2 | 2.5 | – | – |
| Level 4 and 5 | – | – | 2 | 2.6 | 3 | 9.1 |
| Usual activities | ||||||
| Level 1 | 66 | 82.5 | 65 | 81.3 | 28 | 84.8 |
| Level 2 | 11 | 13.8 | 9 | 11.3 | 1 | 3.0 |
| Level 3 | 2 | 2.5 | 2 | 2.5 | 2 | 6.1 |
| Level 4 and 5 | 1 | 1.3 | 4 | 5.0 | 2 | 6.1 |
| Pain/discomfort | ||||||
| Level 1 | 59 | 73.8 | 49 | 61.3 | 19 | 57.6 |
| Level 2 | 16 | 20.0 | 19 | 23.8 | 8 | 24.2 |
| Level 3 | 5 | 6.3 | 6 | 7.5 | 5 | 15.2 |
| Level 4 and 5 | – | – | 6 | 7.5 | 1 | 3.0 |
| Anxiety/depression | ||||||
| Level 1 | 60 | 75.0 | 62 | 77.5 | 23 | 69.7 |
| Level 2 | 16 | 20.0 | 14 | 17.5 | 7 | 21.2 |
| Level 3 | 2 | 2.5 | 2 | 2.5 | 2 | 6.1 |
| Level 4 | 2 | 2.5 | 2 | 2.5 | 1 | 3.0 |
| Mean TTO value (SD) | 0.70 (0.28) | 0.87 (0.18) | 0.74 (0.24) | |||
| Mean EQ VAS score (SD) | 74.8 (17.7) | 77.0 (16.8) | 75.1 (21.9) | |||
Patient characteristics regarding ethnic group (96.3–100% Han), marital status (87.9–96.3% married) and having children (97.5–100%) are not presented in the table due to lack of variation
SD standard deviation