Table 4.

Multiple linear regression analyses on TTO values (incl. modified open-ended TTO task) by type of TTO task, EQ VAS score, sociodemographic variables, and interviewer

Variable	Model 1		Model 2		Model 3		Model 4		Model 5		Model 6		Model 7
	Estimate	p value	Estimate	p value	Estimate	p value	Estimate	p value	Estimate	p value	Estimate	p value	Estimate	p value
Intercept	0.739	0.000*	0.713	0.000*	0.719	0.000*	0.385	0.000*	0.318	0.000*	0.358	0.000*	0.300	0.004*
Type of TTO taska
Open-ended	0.162	0.000*	0.162	0.000*	0.162	0.000*	0.157	0.000*	0.162	0.000*	0.167	0.000*	0.165	0.000*
Modified open-ended	0.023	0.619	0.019	0.688	0.019	0.677	0.027	0.534	0.039	0.370	0.048	0.270	0.052	0.227
Age groupb
45–64 years			0.014	0.772	0.011	0.819	0.010	0.841	− 0.003	0.948	0.007	0.893	0.006	0.900
65+ years			− 0.012	0.827	− 0.014	0.790	0.030	0.561	0.030	0.584	0.050	0.424	0.042	0.512
Sexc					− 0.007	0.823	− 0.001	0.968	− 0.015	0.659	0.000	0.993	0.003	0.937
EQ VAS score							0.004	0.000*	0.004	0.000*	0.004	0.000*	0.004	0.000*
Educational leveld
Primary school									0.142	0.005	0.170	0.001*	0.173	0.001*
Middle school									0.069	0.148	0.103	0.035*	0.111	0.022*
High school									0.084	0.097	0.136	0.012*	0.139	0.010*
College and above									0.043	0.500	0.087	0.181	0.095	0.143
Occupational statuse
Employed											− 0.108	0.016*	− 0.086	0.067
Retired											− 0.092	0.053	− 0.086	0.069
Interviewerf
Interviewer 2													0.058	0.126
Interviewer 3													0.041	0.283
Observation	189		189		189		189		189		189		189
AIC	− 27.226		− 23.750		− 21.800		− 39.853		− 40.084		− 42.255		− 40.689
Adjusted R2	0.099		0.092		0.087		0.174		0.193		0.211		0.212
R2	0.108		0.111		0.111		0.201		0.236		0.261		0.271

TTO time trade-off, AIC akaike information criterion

*p < 0.05

^aReference group: iteration-based TTO task

^bReference group: 27–44 years

^cReference group: female

^dReference group: below primary school

^eReference group: nonemployed

^fReference group: interviewer 1