Table 1.

Up- or downregulation of metabolites (nucleotide, lipid, and vitamin) in plasma by LR in healthy breastfed mice

Super Pathway/Subpathway/Biochemical Name	Fold Changes of WTL vs. WTC
Nucleotide
Purine metabolism, adenine containing
Adenosine	4.4
Adenosine-3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP)	1.4
Lipid
Acyl carnitine, short chain
Acetylcarnitine (C2)	1.3
Isocaproylcarnitine	1.8
Acyl carnitine, medium chain
Hexanoylcarnitine (C6)	5.9
Octanoylcarnitine (C8)	2.8
Laurylcarnitine (C12)	0.7
Acyl carnitine, long-chain saturated
Myristoylcarnitine (C14)	0.7
Pentadecanoylcarnitine (C15)	0.8
Palmitoylcarnitine (C16)	0.8
Acyl carnitine, monounsaturated
Oleoylcarnitine (C18:1)	0.8
Eicosenoylcarnitine (C20:1)	0.7
Acyl carnitine, polyunsaturated
Linoleoylcarnitine (C18:2)	0.8
Dihomo-linoleoylcarnitine (C20:2)	0.8
Arachidonoylcarnitine (C20:4)	0.7
Dihomo-linolenoylcarnitine (C20:3n3 or 6)	0.7
Acyl xarnitine, hydroxy
3-Hydroxypalmitoylcarnitine	0.6
3-Hydroxyoleoylcarnitine	0.7
Carnitine metabolism
Deoxycarnitine	1.3
Carnitine	1.2
Mevalonate metabolism
Mevalonate	1.9
Vitamin
Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism
Threonate	1.6
Oxalate (ethanedioate)	1.8
Vitamin B6 metabolism
Pyridoxamine	2.2
Pyridoxal	2.5

LR, Lactobacillus reuteri. Fold changes of wild-type LR fed (WTL) vs. wild-type control (WTC): >1 upregulation; <1 downregulation, P < 0.05.