Table 2.
Frequent Exacerbators (n = 7) | Infrequent Exacerbators (n = 11) | P Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Age, yr [median (IQR)] | 69 (64–74) | 71 (52–76) | 0.84 |
Male sex | 3 (42.9%) | 9 (81.8%) | 0.14 |
GOLD stage (median IQR) | 2 (2–3) | 2 (1–2) | 0.13 |
Long-term oxygen | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1.0 |
Cardiac disease | 0 (0%) | 1 (9.1%) | 1.0 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 1 (14.3%) | 0 (0%) | 0.39 |
Diabetes | 1 (14.3%) | 1 (9.1%) | 1.0 |
Pulmonary hypertension | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1.0 |
Inhaled corticosteroid use | 4 (57.1%) | 3 (27.3%) | 0.33 |
Beta agonist use | 6 (85.7%) | 7 (63.6%) | 0.60 |
Antimuscarinic inhaler use | 4 (57.1%) | 6 (54.5%) | 1.0 |
Current smoker | 4 (57.1%) | 2 (18.2%) | 0.14 |
Treatment during exacerbation | |||
Antibiotics | 5 (71.1%) | 3 (27.3%) | 0.15 |
Oral corticosteroids | 3 (42.9%) | 0 (0%) | 0.043 |
GOLD, Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease; IQR, interquartile range.