Table 3.

Baseline characteristics of patients with COPD undergoing bronchoscopic sampling for airway epithelial cell experiments shown in Fig. 5

	Frequent Exacerbators (n = 9)	Infrequent Exacerbations (n = 7)	P Value
Age, yr	77 (72.5–82)	67 (63.5–71)	0.29
GOLD stage
2	1 (11.1%)	1 (14.3%)	1.0
3	8 (88.9%)	6 (85.7%)	1.0
Male sex	6 (66.7%)	3 (42.9%)	0.61
Inhaled corticosteroid use	7 (77.8%)	3 (42.9%	0.30
Long-acting β-agonist use	7 (77.8%)	3 (42.9%)	0.30
Antimuscarinic inhaler use	7 (77.8%)	3 (42.9%)	0.30
Current smoker	1 (11.1%)	3 (42.9%)	0.26

COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; GOLD, Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease.